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Integumentary > 12] Burns > Flashcards

12] Burns Flashcards

1
Q

Who is at risk for burns

A

Kids
Elderly
Young males with high risk jobs

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2
Q

Types of thermal contact

A

Flame
Hot liquid
Steam

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3
Q

Thermal-factors influencing severity

A

Contact time
Temperature
Type of insult

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4
Q

Wet heat from steamor fluid transfers

more heat to the body than a flame

A

Scald

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5
Q

Exposure to acids, bases, industrial accidents,

assaults

A

Chemical burns

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6
Q

Factors influencing severity of chemical burns

A

Contact time
Chemical concentration
Type of chemical

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7
Q

Due to direct damage to DNA

A

Radiation burn

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8
Q

Recurrent exposure tolow doses of radiation produce erythema, edema and severe induration

A

Radiation burns

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9
Q

Thermal injury to skin and effect of electrical current

A

Electrical burn

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10
Q

Electrical burn- dry skin increases risk of skin injury but decreases risk of

A

Internal injury

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11
Q

Factors influencing electrical burn

A

Contact time

Voltage

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12
Q 
Risk increased by 
peripheral artery 
disease, Raynaud’s 
disease, DM, 
smoking, use of betablockers, ETOH
A

Frostbite burn

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13
Q

What areas are injured with frostbite

A

Nose
Ears
Fingers
Toes

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14
Q

Most severe injury ->irreversible cell injury

– May expand 48 hrs after burn

A

Zone of coagulation

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15
Q

Less severe injury ->reversible cell injury; sluggish blood flow

A

Zone of stasis

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16
Q

Inflamed area but expected to fully recover

within 7-10 daysof injury

A

Zone of hyperemia

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17
Q

4 depth categories of burns

A

1- superficial
2- superficial partial thickness
3- deep partial thickness
4- full thickness

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18
Q

damage to epidermis with
erythema, pain,
edema

A

Superficial burn

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19
Q

Ex] sunburn

A

Superficial burn

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20
Q

Should heal spontaneously in afew days without
scarring
 May exfoliate

A

Superficial burn

21
Q

Injured epidermis sloughs within a few days

 May have itching as it heals

A

Superficial burns

22
Q

damage to epidermis

& slightly into papillary Dermis

A

Superficial partial thickness burn

23
Q

Caused by scalds, brief contact and brief

flame

A

Superficial partial thickness burns

24
Q

Erythema, extreme pain, moderate edema And Blistering (up to 5 days)
 Intact sensory receptors
 Blanches to pressure with quick capillary
refill
 Large amounts of drainage
 Should heal in 10-14 days with minimal
scarring

A

Superficial partial thickness burn

25
Q

damage to epidermis & deep into dermis with less pain,
edema and eschar
– Extends into reticular layer ofdermis

A

Deep partial thickness burn

26
Q

Mottled red and white areas

– Decreased pinprick but intact pressure sensation

A

Deep partial thickness burn

27
Q

Blanches to pressure with slow capillary refill

– Heals in 3 weeks with scarring and pigment changes

A

Deep partial thickness burn

28
Q

damage to epidermis, dermis, and
subcutaneous tissue
with little to no pain

A

Full thickness burn

29
Q 
Risk of infection 
increases
– Will not heal on own 
or would take three to four months
– Grafting necessary
– May have contractures
A

Full thickness burn

30
Q

Mottled appearance
 Dry, rigid, leathery eschar
 Lack pain, pressure and temperature sensation

A

Full thickness burn

31
Q

How do you calculate size of burns

A

Rule of 9s

32
Q

Charts used with
assigned percentages to body areas
 Used for infants and
young children

A

Lund and browder method

33
Q

Goals of subacute phase

A

Prevent contractures and neuropathies
Maintain function
Ambulate

34
Q

3 phases of burn care

A

Emergent
Subacute
Rehab

35
Q

3 dressings used in burn treatment center

A

Antibacterial creams
Silver impregnated products
Enzymatic debriders

36
Q

2 types of antibacterial creams

A

Silvadene/Silver sulfadiazine

Sulfamylon

37
Q

2 types of silver impregnated products

A

Acticoat

Aquacel Ag

38
Q

1 Type of enzymatic debridement for burns

39
Q

Treatment of superficial burns

A

Don’t need topical anti microbials

40
Q

Treatment for superficial partial thickness burns

A

Can use topical antimicrobial ointment such as bacitracin

41
Q

Treatment for deep partial thickness burns

A

Can use topical antimicrobial ointment such as bacitracin

42
Q 
Ace wraps
 Tubigrip
 Isotoner/edema gloves
 Coban
 Pressure garments
 Silon/elastomer
A

Interventions for scarring

43
Q

Should not mobilize on

A

Intact scabs

44
Q

stabilize two areas along a scar while pulling the scar perpendicular

A

Plucking- scar mob

45
Q

grasping a segment of the scar

and pulling the skin parallel to the incision

A

Rolling - scar mob

46
Q

Overrepair type: Rise above the level of Surrounding skin

A

Hypertrophic scar

47
Q

More persistent, tend
to regrow if excised,
and extend beyond the area of injury

48
Q

Loss of inhibition onfibroblasts and has
increased collagen
accumulation

A

Keloid overrepair

Integumentary (15 decks)

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