12. Biomaterials & Implants Flashcards
Name the properties of good biomaterials.
- compatible
- facilitate surgery
- minimize complications
- improve results
What are biomaterials?
biomaterials are those products that are brought into contact with body tissues
What is injectable silicone used for?
- is a soft tissue replacement
- heloma, tyloma, neurotrophic ulcers
what is the disadvantage of injectable silicone?
migration
what is injectable collagen used for?
(is a matrix for fibroblasts and vascular ingrowth)
-used in DFU
what are the disadvantages of injectable collagen?
expensive, short acting
what is silastic sheeting and what is it used for?
prevents scarring and adhesions in tendons and nerves
-used in tendon repair
What is bovine collagen bioprosthesis and what is it used for?
(tendon graft)
-used for stabilization procedures and tendon repairs
what are the disadvantages of polyethylene and polypropylene?
creeping and drainage
what is hydroxyapatite used for?
-bone graft substitute
What is a Dacron and Gortex mesh graft? and when is it used?
synthetic fiber used to prevent adhesions, surgical repair of tendons and ligaments, entubulation and vascular grafts
what is acrylic polymers (aka polymethylmethacrylate- PMMA) used for?
used as bone cement for implants and PMMA beads
what is silastic gel sheeting used for?
reduces or softens hypertrophic scars
Name some biomaterials that are hemostatic agents.
- topical thrombin
- absorbable gelatin sponge
- microfibrillar collagen
- oxygen-regenerated cellulose
- bone wax
- drains
What is topical thrombin?
bovine protein which clots the fibrinogen of blood
what is absorbable gelatin sponge?
“gelfoam”
purified animal protein that is used in treatment of ulcers to pack a wound that liquefies and is absorbed
what is microfibrillar collagen ? what is it used for?
“avitene”- adheres to blood soaked surfaces and attracts platelets
what is oxygen-regenerated celluolose used for?
“surgicel”- absorbable fabric that has hemostatitc functions thru absorption
*may inhibit bone healing though
what is bone wax used for?
provides hemostasis thru tamponade
-inhibits bone healing though
what are the advantages of draining a wound?
evacuate fluid prevent hematoma reduce pain increase healing helps prevent infection
what are the disadvantages of draining a wound?
possible infection
maintenance
name the gravity type of drain.
penrose drain
name the closed suction types of drains.
TLS
Hemovac
Jackson-Pratt
Name teh closed-suction irrigationd rain.
ingress-egress
what biomaterial would you use for soft tissue replacement? (or if you want to cushion btwn skin and bone to prevent formation of callous)
injectable silicone
what biomaterial would you use to stimulate vascular ingrowth in a diabetic foot ulcer?
injectable collagen
what biomaterial would you use for tendon repair to prevent scarring and adhesions?
silastic sheeting
what biomaterial would you use for ankle stabilization procedures and tendon repairs?
bovine collagen bioprosthesis
which biomaterial is used as a bone graft substitute?
hydroxyapatite
which biomaterial would you use as bone cement for implants and antibiotic beads?
PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate) which is an acrylic polymer
which biomaterial would you use to reduce or soften hypertrophic scars?
silastic gel sheeting
which hemostatic agent works by attracting platelets?
microfibrillar collagen- “avitene”
which hemostatic agent works by being absorbing blood ?
absorbable gelatin sponge- “gelfoam”
which hemostatic agent works by absorbing blood but may inhibit bone healing?
oxygen-regenerated cellulose - “surgicel”
what biomaterial provides hemostasis thru tamponade?
bone wax
