11.5 Reaction mechanisms

Question 1

Two ways a covalent bond can be broken

Answer 1

Homolytic fission
Heterolytic fission

Question 2

Homolytic fission

Answer 2

Each of the bonded atoms takes one of the shared pair of electrons from the covalent bond

Question 3

Heterolytic fission

Answer 3

One of the bonded atoms takes both of the electrons from the covalent bond

Question 4

What is the product of homolytic fission

Answer 4

Radicals: an atom or group of atoms with impaired electrons

Question 5

What are the products of heterolytic fission

Answer 5

Ions

Question 6

Purpose of organic reaction mechanisms

Answer 6

Provide information on how a reaction takes place

Question 7

When are ‘curly’ arrows used

Answer 7

To show the movement of a e- pair when bonds are broken or made by heterolytic fission

Question 8

3 types of reaction and definition

Answer 8

Addition
Substitution
Elimination

Question 9

Addition reaction

Answer 9

When two reactant molecules join together to form one product

Question 10

Substitution reaction

Answer 10

An atom or group of atoms is replaced by a different atom or group of atoms

Question 11

Elimination

Answer 11

A small molecule is removed from a larger molecule

Question 12

Atom economy of an addition reaction

Answer 12

100%, only one product is made