114 Communications Flashcards
Discuss the following single-channel radio frequency bands:
UHF
UHF - Ultra High Frequency 225-400 MHz
- Critical LOS
- Ground to air communication – need line of sight – “What you see is what you get”
-Helo Direction (HD), Landing Zone (LZ) Control
Military UHF radio equipment operates in the 116 to 150 MHz upper VHF frequency range and the 225 to 400 MHz military UHF radio spectrum.
MAGTF UHF radio sets such as the AN/PRC-113 are capable of data communications at 16 kbps under optimal conditions. MAGTF ground and airborne UHF radios incorporate the HAVE QUICK Electronic Counter-Counter Measures capability and operate in single-channel and frequency hopping modes. The HAVE QUICK UHF radio is capable of remote operation by using the AN/ GRA-39B or HYX-57.
Discuss the following single-channel radio frequency bands:
VHF
VHF - Very High Frequency
Single Channel Ground & Airborne Radio System (SINCGARS).
- High security against EW threat – frequency hopping with integrated COMSEC (cipher text)
- Primary means of communications for command and control
- 30-87.975 MHz
-Fire Support Coordination (FSC), Landing Force Shore Party (LFSP), Tactical
~ Common VHF Radio Net: Medical Evacuation (MEDEVAC)
The primary MAGTF VHF radio is the single-channel ground and airborne radio system (SINCGARS). SINCGARS is a family of lightweight combat radios that serves as the primary means of communications for command and control and fire support on the battlefield. SINCGARS is the standard VHF-FM tactical radio for the Marine Corps, replacing the AN/PRC-77 and the AN/VRC-12 family. The system provides high security against threat electronic warfare (EW) by using frequency hopping with integrated COMSEC. It is capable of voice and data transmission (up to 16 kbps under optimum conditions and over limited distances) over the VHF-FM frequency range of 30 to 87.975 MHz’s
Discuss the following single-channel radio frequency bands:
HF
High Frequency (HF) – Short range secure voice & data communications.
-2-29.999 MHz
-Naval Gunfire, INTEL.
HF radio equipment is capable of both long- and short-range secure voice and data communications. Data communications capability is typically limited to rates of 2.4 kilobits per second (kbps). Data transmission requires modems specifically designed for operation in this band of the radio spectrum. High frequency communications are capable of traveling around the world under the right conditions. This accounts for the large number of signals and noise in the receiver (e.g., thunderstorms). Conversely, the HF transmission may be intercepted and traced by the enemy who is many hundreds of miles away. VHF and UHF communications are normally limited to line of sight; therefore, their range is restricted. UHF transmissions may also be used in satellite communications, increasing ranges to thousands of miles.
Describe the phonetic alphabet.
A = ALPHA
N = NOVEMBER
B = BRAVO
0 = OSCAR
C = CHARLIE
P = PAPA
D = DELTA
Q = QUEBEC
E = ECHO
R = ROMEO
F = FOXTROT
S = SIERRA
G = GOLF
T = TANGO
H = HOTEL
U = UNIFORM
I = INDIA
V = VICTOR
J =JULIET
W = WHISKEY
K = KILO
X = X-RAY
L = LIMA
Y = YANKEE
M = MIKE
Z= Zulu
Discuss Communications Security (COMSEC)
Cryptosecurity
- Uses cryptosystems to ensure message confidentiality and authenticity
- Blocks hackers from cracking the code
Transmission Security (TRANSEC)
- Protects transmissions from interception and exploitation by means other than crypto-analysis.
- Frequency hopping and spread spectrum techniques
Emission Security
- “TEMPEST” (Telecommunications Electronics Materials Protected from Emanating Spurious Transmissions)
- Denies unauthorized persons information of value – prevents us from unintentionally leaking out information
Physical Security
- results from all physical measures necessary to safeguard classified equipment, material, and documents from physical access or observation by unauthorized persons
Top Secret vs Secret vs Confidential
- Confidential - unauthorized disclosure could be expected to cause DAMAGE to national security
- Confidential is the classification level applied to information whose unauthorized disclosure could reasonably be expected to cause damage to the national security.*
- Secret - unauthorized disclosure could be expected to cause SERIOUS DAMAGE to national security
- Secret is the classification level applied to information whose unauthorized disclosure could reasonably be expected to cause serious damage to the national security.*
- Top Secret - unauthorized disclosure could reasonably be expected to cause EXCEPTIONALLY GRAVE DANGER to national security
- Top Secret is the classification level applied to information whose unauthorized disclosure could reasonably be expected to cause exceptionally grave danger to the national security.*
Internet Tactical Chat (TC)
Internet Tactical Chat (TC)
- Allows critical communications capabilities
- Simultaneously transmits and receives data
- Facilitates greater situational awareness through increased information volume and reduced exchange latency
- Tactical chat (TC) is a near-real-time, multi-participant means of textually communicating among military units. TC allows for predominantly jam free communications, similar to radio voice communications, over the internet.*
- Anyone with a computer, a network connection, and compatible TC software can communicate textually using TC. In some instances, TC is the most effective means for war fighters to communicate, especially when mission conditions hamper information that would typically pass over voice communications*
What are the TWO MODES of operation for the Single Channel Ground and Airborne Radio System (SINCGARS)?
What are the TWO MODES of operation for the Single Channel Ground and Airborne Radio System (SINCGARS)?
- Single channel (SC)
- Frequency hopping (FH)
Using the metric system, what are the transmission RANGES for the SINCGARS radio?
Using the metric system, what are the transmission RANGES for the SINCGARS radio? :
- LO (Low power) - 200 M - 400 M
- M (medium power) - 400 M – 5 KM
- Hi (high power) – 5 KM - 1OKM
- PA (power amplifier) - 10 KM - 40 KM
