103 Safety Flashcards
Concept of ORM
Operational Risk Management
is a Decision making tool
- It increases our ability to make informed decisions.
- Minimizes risk to acceptable levels.
- Reduce mishaps, lower costs, and provide for more efficient use of resources.
5 Steps of ORM
I AM IS
• Identify Hazards - Begin with an outline or chart of the major steps in the operation (operational analysis). Next, conduct Preliminary Hazard, Analysis by listing all of the hazards associated with each step in the operational analysis along with possible causes for those hazards.
• Assess Hazards - For each hazard identified, determine the associated degree of risk in terms of probability and severity.
• Make risk decisions - First, develop risk control options. Start with the most serious risk first and select controls that will reduce the risk to a minimum consistent with mission accomplishment. With selected controls in place, decide if the benefit of the operation outweighs the risk. If risk outweighs benefit or if assistance is required to implement controls, communicate with higher authority in the chain of command.
• Implement controls - The following measures can be used to eliminate hazards or reduce the degree of risk. [Engineering controls, Admin controls, PPE]
• Supervise - Conduct follow-up evaluations of the controls to ensure they remain in place and have the desired effect. Monitor for changes which may require further ORM. Take corrective action when necessary
Discuss the requirements for PPE and why it is necessary
- The use of PPE is the last recourse for a commander to protect personnel from identified hazards and to manage associated risk.
- Issue, maintenance, and use of PPE are necessary for protecting Marine Corps personnel. Appropriate PPE shall be provided and used for emergencies such as hazardous materials spills (including biohazards), hazardous materials cleanup operations, ventilation malfunctions, emergency egress, and damage control activities.
- Marine Corps installations, commands, units, departments, and non-appropriated fund activities will fund for provision and maintenance of PPE, including prescription safety glasses, for Marine Corps personnel.
- Expenditure of funds for PPE is economical, since loss of time for the injured, compensation costs claims, and loss of materials and equipment are reduced.
Types of PPE
- Head protection: Kevlar, helmets, cranials
- Hearing pro: Foamies, “Mickey Mouse Ears”
- Foot pro: steel toe boots, regular boots, non-slip, oil resistant, cold-weather boots
- Eye pro: goggles, prescription safety glasses, face shields, welding goggles, *balistic-proof
- Respiratory pro: masks, respirators
- Body pro: FLAK jackets, rubber aprons, gloves, glow belts
Four general classes of fires and which types of extinguishers are used on each.
(and a fifth class of fire)
- CLASS A: Involve solid substances (e.g. wood, paper, cloth). Water is the usual means of extinguishing a Class A fire.
- CLASS B: Involves flammable liquids (e.g. gasoline). C02 & purple powder (PKP) are effective. For large fires, aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) is the usual means of extinguishing.
- CLASS C: Ignite in electrical/electronic equipment. Primary extinguishing method is to first de-energize the equipment. C02 is the preferred extinguishing agent.
- CLASS D: Involve combustible metals (e.g. titanium). High or Low- velocity fog at extreme range upwind of this type of fire.
- Class K fires: oil (ship/kitchen) - use oil type extinguish [like class B?]
Discuss the purpose of operational pauses.
Unit commanders shall conduct operational pauses, e.g. BITS pauses, at least semiannually.
Operational pauses and safety stand-downs are synonymous and provide a break from operations to conduct safety training, review procedures, and assess the command’s safety posture.
To facilitate the best use of time, operational pauses should be planned well in advance and integrated into training plans.
operational pause = work a problem usually related to a mishap
safety stand-down = for training related to safety
Discuss the purpose of the Naval Aviation Safety Program.
The Naval Aviation Safety Program enhances operational readiness when it preserves the lives and enhances the well-being of its members by protecting the equipment and material they need to accomplish their mission. The Naval Aviation Safety Program supports every aspect of naval aviation. Knowledge gained here may assist other safety efforts.
The goal of the program is to eliminate causes of damage and injury - to eliminate (or control) hazards.
prevent serious damage due to human error (administrative)
State the purpose of the Laser Hazard Control Program.
- To prescribe Navy and Marine Corps policy and guidance in the identification and control of laser radiation hazards.
- To prescribe Navy and Marine Corps policy and guidance in the identification and control of laser radiation hazards. The provisions of this directive are mandatory for all Navy and Marine Corps activities. They apply to the design, use, and disposal of all equipment and systems capable of producing laser radiation, including laser fiber optics and system support equipment. Directed energy weapons that emit laser radiation and other high-energy laser systems are subject to the requirements of this directive.
_*limit exposure levels_
Discuss the Marine Corps Hearing Conservation Program goal.
The Marine Corps Hearing Conservation Program goal is to prevent Marine Corps personnel from suffering occupational hearing loss due to noise exposure and ensure auditory fitness for duty in the Marine and civilian workforce. The ear has no mechanism to block out sound; it simply receives all the noise. If this noise is a high-intensity impulse (e.g., gunfire) or a loud continuous sound (e.g., jet) and it keeps striking the ear complex, eventually, hearing loss may occur.
Because of its incremental and cumulative nature, occupational hearing loss may not be noticed until serious impairment has already taken place. If the noise-induced hearing loss is permanent, medical treatment cannot correct the condition or restore hearing. Noise-induced hearing loss can be prevented by reducing the amount of noise produced at the source, limiting the exposure time, or stopping the noise from reaching the ear.
Discuss the 4 safety rules for weapons and how they relate to ORM
- Treat every weapon as if it were loaded.
- Never point a weapon at anything you do not intend to shoot.
- Keep your finger straight and off the trigger until you are ready to fire.
- Keep the weapon on safe until you are ready to fire.
Bonus/Rule 5. Know your target and what lies beyond.
