11.3 - The Peripheral Nervous System Flashcards
1
Q
What are the divisions of the PNS?
A
The somatic and the autonomic system.
2
Q
Somatic System
A
Voluntary control.
- Relays information and commands between the receptors, the CNS, and the muscles.
- involuntary reflex arcs are considered part of the somatic system.
3
Q
Autonomic System
A
Involuntary Control
- controls glandular secretions
- controls smooth and cardiac muscles
- divided into parasympathetic and sympathetic ns.
4
Q
What parts of the brain control the autonomic system?
A
The hypothalamus and medulla oblongata.
5
Q
Sympathetic Nervous System
A
Stressful situations. (Fight-or-Flight)
- Neurons release neurotransmitters: norepinephrine/epinephrine. Activate stress response. Excitatory effect on muscles.
6
Q
Parasympathetic
A
Calm or at rest body (Rest-and-Digest)
- Restores and conserves energy
- Runs life sustaining processes like digestion
- Neurotransmitter released is acetylcholine.
7
Q
Symptoms of Parasymlathetic NS
A
- Decreases heart rate
- Muscles relax
- Pupils constrict
- Saliva production increases
- Constrict airways
- Acetylcholine released
8
Q
Symptoms of Sympathetic NS
A
- Increased heart rate
- Muscles contract
- Pupils dilate
- Saliva production decreases
- Relax airways
- Epinephrine and Norepinephrine released
9
Q
Longer pathways, slower system =
A
Parasympathetic Nervous System
10
Q
Short neurons, faster system =
A
Sympathetic nervous system
