11.1 - Neuron Function and Synapse Flashcards

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1
Q

What’s a membrane potential?

A

The difference in charge between the inside of the axon and the outside of the axon.

  • The potential is measured from inside
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2
Q

Resting Membrane Potential?

A

When the nerve cell is not transmitting a signal.

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3
Q

Resting Membrane Potential Voltage?

A

-70mV,

  • 70mV more negative on the inside the axon than the outside.
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4
Q

How is the Resting Membrane Potential Maintained?

A

Sodium-potassium pumps keep the sodium ions out and potassium ions inside.

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5
Q

Polarization

A

Process of generating a resting membrane potential of -70mv.

  • Charged neuron, ready to send message.
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6
Q

How do neurons become polarized?

A

Different things:

  • Large protein molecules are present inside the cell, and they’re negatively charged. They can’t pass.
  • Cell membrane is nearly impermeable to small negatively charged ions, such as chloride ions. So, chloride ions in the cell contribute to a negative charge.
  • sodium-potassium exchange pump: It uses ATP to transport sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell.
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7
Q

Sodium-Potassium Exchange Pump Currency

A

It exchanges three sodium ions for two potassium ions.

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8
Q

What happens as a result of the SP Pump?

A

A disequilibrium is established, there’s more positive charge outside and a slightly negative charge inside.

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9
Q

Leaky K+ channels

A
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10
Q

Action potential

A
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