11.3 Division and Democracy in France Flashcards
What shaped France?
Economic Growth, democratic reforms and the fierce nationalisms expressed Clemence
nephew of Napoleon Bonaparte set up Second Empire in France; Wanted to end poverty; Did not Bring France Glory or an empire; People expected more from him because of his name
Napoleon III
What was the Second Empire Like?
A constitutional monarchy
How did Napoleon 3 stay in power?
He had officials “manage” his election
What did Napoleon censor?
Newspaper and Debate
What did Napoleon issue that lifted some censorship and extended democratic rights?
A constitution in 1860s
How did Napoleon encourage industrialization?
By building railroads
a canal linking the Red Sea and Indian Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea, which also links Europe to Asia and East Africa; Made by French entrepreneur Ferdinand de Leiseps
Suez Canal
How did Napoleon help Poverty?
Legalized labor unions, extended public education to girls and created small public health program
What did Napoleon do in hope to gain Mexico?
Sent Maximilian to control it with troops
What did the Mexicans do?
revolted and killed Max
What lands did Napoleon Gained from Austria?
Nice and Savoy
a temporary government
provisional
What created the Third Republic?
Napoleon III being captured and the Second Empire being over
How did France make peace with Prussia? (Germany)
Surrendered Alsace and Lorraine and Paid a sum to Germany
Broke out in 1871; Goal was to save the Republic from royalists
The Paris Commune
rebels; consisted of workers and socialists order; AND REJECTED PEACE WITH GERMANY
Communards
What happened with every group out to get each other?
Civil war
What happened to the Communards in this Civil War?
20,000 of them were exposed of
What was the Government?
A two house legislature
powerful lower house; elected by universal male suffrage; elected president with Senate
Chamber of Deputies
Who had the real power, the President or Prime Minister?
PM
What did France do? (due to all the parties to choose from, they couldn’t pick one for legislature?)
They formed coalitions to win votes to elect PM and Cabinet
How many coalitions failed?
about 50
Who was Alfred Dreyfus?
The man accused of Spying for Germany
Why was Dreyfus’ trial unjust?
Bc the court didn’t provide enough evidence
When royalists, ultra royalists and Church Officials charged Dreyfusards with undermining France
Dreyfus affair
Supports of Dreyfus
Dreyfusards
Protested against the government with J’accuse
Émile Zola
The knowing publication of false and damaging statements
libel
What was Zola charged with?
libel
What did The dreyfus case raise?
Anti semitism
who were mostly anti semitists
Lower middle class
Hungarian Jew Journalist living in France Called for Jews in separate state with own rights
Theodor Herzl
movement devoted to rebuilding Jewish State in Palestine
Zionism
What were some new laws for workers?
wages, hours, and safety conditions and education
Why were new worker laws passed?
To Reduce power of Catholic Church
What stopped freedom of worship?
Separation of Church and State
Founded French Union for Women’s suffrage; favored protests
Jeanne-Elizabeth Schmal
When could women vote?
After world war 2
