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FMF CORE > 112 CBRN (Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear) Defense > Flashcards

112 CBRN (Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear) Defense Flashcards

1
Q

Describe a Chemical Marker and the information contained on it

A

“GAS” Printed w/ RED lettering

Yellow Background

Name of Agent
Date and Time of Detection

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2
Q

Describe a Biological Marker and the information contained on it

A

“BIO” Printed w/ Red lettering

Blue background

Name of agent
date and time of detection

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3
Q

Describe a Radiological Marker and the information contained on it

A

“ATOM” Printed w/ Black Lettering

White background

Dose Rate
Date and time of reading
Date and time of burst

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4
Q

Describe a Chemical Minefield Marker and the information contained on it

A

GAS MINES printed w/Yellow lettering and stripe

Red background

chemical agent in mine
date of emplacement

Front of marker Facing away from minefield

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5
Q

M40 field protective mask

A

designed to protect the wearer from field concentrations of chemical and biological agents.

The mask: 
Face blank 
Filter canister
Dual Voice mitter assemblies
Inlet and outlet valves
Water drinking system
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6
Q

CBRN Alarms

Vocal

A

alarm for chemical/ biological attack: GAS-GAS-GAS

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7
Q

CBRN Alarms

Visual

A

arms extended straight out to the side and the hands made into a fist, bend arms at elbows and repeat as the word GAS is said

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8
Q

CBRN alarms

Percussion

A

Metal on Metal

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9
Q

Proper way to don and clear gas mask

A

Stop breathing, close eyes and mouth

Mask must be donned, cleared, and sealed within 9 seconds

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10
Q

MOPP

A

Mission Oriented Protective Posture

Definitely know this, people mix up the M’s and P’s for other words like Military and Personal for whatever reason

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11
Q

what is MOPP ready

A

when you have your protective mask

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12
Q

What is MOPP level zero

A

gear not worn but readily available

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13
Q

How many MOPP levels?

A

6 (4 including Level 0 and Ready)

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14
Q

What are MOPP Levels 1-4

A

MOPP Level 1 Overgarment worn/everything else carried

MOPP Level 2 Overgarment/ booties worn; mask/gloves carried

MOPP Level 3 Overgarment, booties, mask worn; gloved carried

MOPP Level 4 Everything worn (put gloves on)

Put on your 1.clothes, 2. shoes, 3. mask, 4. gloves

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15
Q

what does M9 detector paper do

A

1 roll per squad

Worn around ankles, wrists, and biceps on exterior of protective clothing

Detects the presence of chemical agents, but will not identify the agent

Color will appear light pink to reddish brown or violet tint

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16
Q

What does M8 detector paper do

A

Used primarily on suspected liquid forms

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17
Q

What does YELLOW/GOLD on M8 paper signify?

A

Nerve agent
Series G

note: some G agents give a red-brown color typical between H and G colors

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18
Q

What does DARK GREEN on M8 paper signify?

A

Nerve agent
Series V

Easy way to remember:
“Think of V like Vegetable, vegetables are green”

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19
Q

What does PINK/RED on M8 paper signify?

A

Blister agent
Series H

Easy way to remember:
“Think of H like Hands, you get blisters on your hands that can turn pink/red”

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20
Q

Levels of Decontamination

Immediate Decon

A

Done within 1-15 min by Individual or Crew

3 immediate techniques (SPO)

Skin Decon
Personnel wipe down
Operator’s spray down

Stops agent from penetrating

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21
Q

Levels of Decontamination

Operational Decon

A

Done within 6 hours by Platoon or Unit

2 operational decon techniques

Vehicle wash down
MOPP gear exchange

Relief from MOPP level 4
Limit spread of liquid agent

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22
Q

Levels of Decontamination

Thorough Decon

A

Done by Platoon or Unit when the mission allows time

3 thorough decon techniques (Detailed T-E-A Decon)

Detailed Troop Decon
Detailed Equipment decon
Detailed Aircraft Decon

is for Long term MOPP reduction

23
Q

How do you react to a nuclear attack without warning?

A

Take immediate action upon:
seeing brilliant flash of light
loud explosion
when the alarm is sounded

Find protective cover if available

24
Q

How do you react without a weapon for a nuclear attack without warning?

A

drop face down immediately, head facing toward blast

close eyes

protect or cover exposed skin by:

- keeping helmet on
- putting hands/arms under or near body
25
Q

How do you react with a weapon for a nuclear attack without warning?

A

drop face down immediately, head facing toward blast

place the weapon under your body or
beside you with sling wrapped tightly around your arm and muzzle pointed away from your face

keep head down

remain face down for 90 seconds or until debris has stopped falling

26
Q

For a chemical or biological attack without warning, how long do you have to react?

A

15 seconds or less

stop breathing, close mouth

27
Q

What is a nerve agent?

A

disrupts nerve impulses in the parasympathetic nervous system

28
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of exposure to a nerve agent?

A

CPR-HLD

Convulsion
Pin point pupils
Runny nose
Hypersalivation
Local muscle twitching
Dyspnea
29
Q

Treatment for when exposed to nerve agents

A

3 Sets of:

2mg atropine
600 mg 2PAM/CL
Use on thighs or buttocks, 10-15 min after first set, then 10min interval until atropinization occurs (tachycardia, dry mouth)

30
Q

What does a blister agent do and what are the types of blistering agents?

A

produce large and painful blisters that are incapacitating

Mustard (HN & HD)
Lewisite (L)

31
Q

MUSTARD (HN)

A

HN and HD are types of blister agents that are oily, colorless, or pale yellow

Sparingly water soluble
HN is less volatile and more persistent than HD with the same blistering qualities

32
Q

What are signs and symptoms of exposure to a mustard agent?

A

D-E-B-B

Death from edema and pulmonary obstruction
Eyes will have painful and gritty feeling
Burns on sweaty areas
Blisters after 12-48 hours

33
Q

Treatment if exposed to mustard poisoning?

A

there is no treatment
remove as much mustard as possible
provide pain and itch relief and control infection

34
Q

What is Lewisite

A

arsenic base compound that vaporizes slowly and is a light to dark brown liquid

35
Q

Signs and symptoms of exposure to Lewisite?

A

intense pain upon contact

36
Q

Treatment of exposure to Lewisite?

A

Wash with copious amounts of water
30% sodium sulfatacemide for eye infection within 24hrs
BAL-peanut suspension no more than 3mg will cause severe symptoms

37
Q

What are blood agents?

A

interfere with enzyme functions in the body, i.e. block oxygen transfer

almond like odor

CK (cyanogen Khloride) “Bloods are CK Crip Killers”

38
Q

Signs and symptoms of blood agent exposure

A

Die or Live (death or recovery)
Violent convulsions lasting 20-30 seconds
Respiratory failure or heart failure
Forceful respirations

39
Q

Treatment of blood agent exposure?

A

crush two ampules of amyl nitrite use 8 max
100 to 200 mg sodium thiosulfate solution over 9min
The Key is speed

40
Q

What is a choking agent and what are the types?

A

toxicity effects lung tissues
causes extensive damage to alveolar tissue causing severe pulmonary edema

Phosgene
Diphosgene
Chlorine

41
Q

Signs and symptoms of choking agent exposure

A 
Cyanosis
Usually no signs 2-6hrs
Painful cough 
Shock
Rapid weak pulse
Rapid labored breathing
Clammy skin
Frothy sputum
Low blood pressure
42
Q

Treatment of exposure

A

mandatory bed rest

provide oxygen

43
Q

Incapacitating agents

A

psychochemicals that cause confusion and disable intelligent function

BZ incapacitating agent that: alters activity of CNS high potency lasts hours or days

44
Q

Signs and symptoms of incapacitating agent exposure

A 
appear within 30min to several weeks 
abnormal behavior
acting irrational 
delusion/ hallucinations 
dizziness
muscle  problems
difficulty swallowing 
dry mouth
45
Q

Treatment of incapacitating agent exposure

A

Prevent from harming themselves or others

Phisostimine but not effective within the 4hrs of exposure

46
Q

Riot control and harassing agent uses

A

used to harass enemy or to discourage riot actions

generally patients require no therapy

47
Q

Riot control and Harassing agents

A

Lacrimators aka teargas local irritants that act primarily on the eyes

CN
CS is more potent used by the military

48
Q

Signs and symptoms of riot control and harrassing agent exposure

A

intense pain in the eyes with excessive tearing

49
Q

Treatment

A

air it out and change clothes

50
Q

Vomiting agent

A

DMAC

DM

DA

DC
aerosols that produce effects by inhalation or direct action on the eyes

51
Q

Signs and symptoms of vomiting agents

A 
coughing
violent uncontrollable sneezing 
violent headache
nausea 
vomiting
52
Q

Treatment of vomiting agents

A

Rinse eyes with water
vigorous PT
mild pain killer
1-3hr recovery

53
Q

Screening smokes

A

obscure enemy vision and hide targets or areas

White phosphorus- pale waxy solid that ignites spontaneously on contact with air to give a hot dense white smoke

54
Q

Treatment of screening smokes

A

Cover with mud or wet cloth
use .5% copper sulfate rinse
particles are to be surgically removed

FMF CORE (9 decks)

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