11.1 Stroke Flashcards
Define stroke
Focal neurological deficit of presumed vascular origin that persists beyond 24 hours or is interrupted by death within 24 hours
Which territory do mosts strokes occur in?
Middle cerebral artery
What are symptoms of frontal lobe stroke?
Motor problems
Broca’s aphasia
Personality/behavioural changes
What are symptoms of a parietal lobe stroke?
Sensory problems
Visuospatial issues
Superior optic radiation - inferior quadratinopsia
What are the symptoms of a temporal lobe stroke?
Taste and smell Auditory problems Wernicke's aphasia Memory circuits Inferior optic radiation - superior quadrantinopsia
What are some symptoms of a total anterior circulating stroke (TACS)?
Contralateral hemiparesis
Contralateral hemianopsia
Higher cerebral dysfunction
What is the prognosis of TACS?
High mortality
What are some symptoms of a partial anterior circulating stroke (PACS)?
Restricted motor deficit of one body part
OR 2/3 of: Contralateral hemiparesis
Contralateral hemianopsia
Higher cerebral dysfunction
What are some symptoms of a lacunar stroke (LACS)?
Pure motor, pure sensory, sensorimotor, ataxic hemiparesis
What are some non-modifiable risk factors for ischaemic stroke?
Age, gender, genetic
Family History
Previous Stroke/TIA
What are some lifestyle risk factors for ischaemic stroke?
Smoking
Sedentary lifestyle
Heavy alcohol intake
Poor diet
What are some medical risk factors for ischaemic stroke?
Hypertension
Hypercholesterolaemia
Diabetes mellitus
Arrhythmia
Why would a BM done with someone presenting with stroke like symptoms?
To test for hypoglycaemia
Why is a CT scan done in a patient with stroke like symptoms?
To rule out an intracranial bleed
What is the treatment of an ischaemic stroke?
Thrombolysis (<3 hrs)
