11.1 all cells derive from other cells

Question 1

Cell Division Events:

Answer 1

-DNA replication: Process of duplicating the genetic material.
-DNA segregation: Movement of replicated chromosomes to opposite ends of the cell.
-Cytokinesis: Division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells.
-Cell division signals: External or internal cues that initiate and regulate cell division.

Question 2

Importance of Cell Division

Answer 2

-Reproduction: Formation of new individuals or offspring.
-Growth: Increase in cell number leading to overall growth of an organism.
-Regeneration: Ability to replace damaged or lost cells/tissues.

Question 3

Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes

Answer 3

-Prokaryotes: Simple organisms; reproduce through binary fission.
-Eukaryotes: Complex organisms; cell division signals are internal and regulated.

Question 4

Prokaryotic DNA Replication

Answer 4

-Prokaryotes typically have one circular chromosome.
-DNA replication starts at the origin (Ori) and ends at the terminus (Ter).
-Replication occurs as the DNA moves through a protein replication complex.

Question 5

Prokaryotic DNA Segregation

Answer 5

-Ori regions move to opposite ends of the cell after replication.

Question 6

Prokaryotic Cytokinesis

Answer 6

-Cell membrane pinches inward, dividing the cytoplasm.
-Protein fibers form a ring to aid in cell division.

Question 7

Eukaryotic DNA Replication

Answer 7

-Eukaryotes have multiple linear chromosomes.
-Replication starts at multiple origins on each chromosome.
-Occurs during the S-phase of interphase in the cell cycle.

Question 8

Eukaryotic DNA Segregation

Answer 8

-Mitosis separates replicated chromosomes into two nuclei.
-Each daughter cell receives a complete set of chromosomes.

Question 9

Eukaryotic Cytokinesis

Answer 9

-Animal cells: Cell membrane pinches inward.
-Plant cells: New cell wall materials synthesized for cell separation.

Question 10

Cell Division Signals

Answer 10

-Prokaryotes: Signals are external, often related to nutrient availability or environmental conditions.
-Eukaryotes: Signals are internal, influenced by cellular and organismal needs.

Question 11

Regulation in Eukaryotes

Answer 11

-Cell division is regulated to ensure proper growth and development.
-Signals relate to the overall needs and conditions of the organism.

Question 12

Cell Division in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Answer 12

-Prokaryotes reproduce entire organisms through division.
-Eukaryotes regulate division to maintain proper cell numbers and functions.