11: Transient Tachypnea or Respiratory Distress

Question 1

Transient tachypnea of the newborn or respiratory distress syndrome?
Cyanosis on room air is prominent feature.

Answer 1

Respiratory distress syndrome

Question 2

Transient tachypnea of the newborn or respiratory distress syndrome?
Artificial surfactant and antenatal steroids to mother can reduce incidence. Mechanical ventilation is often needed.

Answer 2

Respiratory distress syndrome

Question 3

Transient tachypnea of the newborn or respiratory distress syndrome?
Cyanosis is not a prominent feature.

Answer 3

Transient tachypnea of the newborn

Question 4

Transient tachypnea of the newborn or respiratory distress syndrome?
CXR shows reticulogranular, ground-glass appearance and air bronchograms.

Answer 4

Respiratory distress syndrome

Question 5

Transient tachypnea of the newborn or respiratory distress syndrome?
Usually found in preterm infants.

Answer 5

Respiratory distress syndrome

Question 6

Transient tachypnea of the newborn or respiratory distress syndrome?
Course variable depending on infant’s gestational weight and age. Usually begins to improve after 5 days of life.

Answer 6

Respiratory distress syndrome

Question 7

Transient tachypnea of the newborn or respiratory distress syndrome?
Air exchange is good. Rales and rhonchi usually absent.

Answer 7

Transient tachypnea of the newborn

Question 8

Transient tachypnea of the newborn or respiratory distress syndrome?
Usually has increased RR with grunting, nasal flaring, and retractions.

Answer 8

Respiratory distress syndrome

Question 9

Transient tachypnea of the newborn or respiratory distress syndrome?
Begins at birth. Usually resolves by 24-48 hours.

Answer 9

Transient tachypnea of the newborn

Question 10

Transient tachypnea of the newborn or respiratory distress syndrome?
Increased RR is present. Grunting and retractions are not always present.

Answer 10

Transient tachypnea of the newborn

Question 11

Transient tachypnea of the newborn or respiratory distress syndrome?
Progressive respiratory distress in first few hours of life.

Answer 11

Respiratory distress syndrome

Question 12

Transient tachypnea of the newborn or respiratory distress syndrome?
Typical course involves gradual decrease in RR with resolution in about 72 hours.

Answer 12

Transient tachypnea of the newborn

Question 13

Transient tachypnea of the newborn or respiratory distress syndrome?
Seen only in infants at term or near term. Often born by C-section.

Answer 13

Transient tachypnea of the newborn

Question 14

Transient tachypnea of the newborn or respiratory distress syndrome?
CXR shows central perihilar streaking with slightly enlarged heart with fluid in the fissures.

Answer 14

Transient tachypnea of the newborn

Question 15

Transient tachypnea of the newborn or respiratory distress syndrome?
Auscultation reveals diminished air entry.

Answer 15

Respiratory distress syndrome

Question 16

Transient tachypnea of the newborn or respiratory distress syndrome?
No specific therapy other than maintaining oxygen saturation.

Answer 16

Transient tachypnea of the newborn