11 Thera VI Midterm Study Questions Flashcards

1
Q

What drugs should you avoid/use caution when you don’t want weight gain?

A

SFUs, Meglitinides, TZDs

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2
Q

What drugs should you avoid/use caution when you don’t want GI symptoms?

A

Metformin, a-glucosidase inhibitor

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3
Q

What drugs should you avoid/use caution when you don’t want Hypoglycemia?

A

SFUs, Meglitinides

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4
Q

What drugs should you avoid/use caution when you have impaired renal function?

A

Metformin (look at SCr levels). SFUs (depends what the CrCl is). DPP-4 inhibitor (Linagliptin ok)

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5
Q

What drugs should you avoid/use caution when you have impaired hepatic function?

A

Metformin, TZDs, a-glucosidase inhibitor

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6
Q

What drugs should you avoid/use caution when you have impaired CV/pulmonary function?

A

Metformin, TZDs

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7
Q

What is the normal C-peptide level?

A

2

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8
Q

What is the most identifiable risk factor for microvascular complications?

A

Hyperglycemia

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9
Q

What is more important to control in T2DM as A1c improves?

A

PPG

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10
Q

When giving long-acting and rapid-acting insulin to a patient, which one usually makes up the majority of the insulin taken in that day?

A

Long-acting (50-60%). Rapid-acting (40-50%)

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11
Q

What is the Empiric Dosing of insulin in T1DM?

A

0.5-0.8 units/kg/day

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12
Q

At what dose should insulin be started for T2DM?

A

0.1-0.2 units/kg/day

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13
Q

What is more common in T1DM: DKA or HSS?

A

DKA (presents with ketoacidosis, hyperglycemia, and hyperosmolarity)

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14
Q

What is more common in T2DM: DKA or HSS?

A

HSS (presents with hyperglycemia and hyperosmolarity)

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15
Q

What are the steps in muscle/FA storage breakdown?

A

Breakdown goes through 1) plasma glucose, 2) plasma FFA, 3) muscle TG, and finally 4) muscle glycogen

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16
Q

For women with Diabetes while pregnant (NOT GDM), what are their pre-meal/bedtime/overnight glucose goals?

A

60-99

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17
Q

For women with Diabetes while pregnant (NOT GDM), what are their peak PPG goals?

A

100-129

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18
Q

For women with Diabetes while pregnant (NOT GDM), what is their A1c goal?

A

< 6.1%

19
Q

For women with GDM, what is their pre-prandial goal?

A

< 95

20
Q

For woman with GDM, what is their 1h- and 2-hour post-meal goal?

A

1h: < 140. 2h: < 120

21
Q

Which disorder do you usually find Thyroid Receptor Antibodies (TRAb)?

A

Graves ONLY (not in Hashimoto’s)

22
Q

Which SFU requires hepatic metabolism to active metabolite?

A

Glyburide

23
Q

Which diabetic medication is contraindicated with the use of Gemfibrozil?

A

Repaglinide (Meglitinide)

24
Q

A patient has HF (NYHA Functional Class III/IV), which diabetes medications are contraindicated?

A

Thiazolidinediones (Pioglitazone, Rosiglitazone)

25
Q

Which diabetes medications have a rare side-effect of causing hepatic failure?

A

Thiazolidinediones. a-Glucosidase Inhibitors (acarbose, miglitol)

26
Q

Which DPP-4 Inhibitor does not require any renal or hepatic adjustment?

A

Linagliptin (Tradjenta)

27
Q

Which Incretin Mimetic does not require any renal adjustment?

A

Liraglutide (Victoza)

28
Q

What is the DOC for thyroid storm?

A

Propylthiouracil

29
Q

What is the BBW associated with Propylthiouracil?

A

Hepatotoxicity

30
Q

Which thioamide is ok to use in breastfeeding?

A

Propylthiouracil is safe in pregnancy and lactation. Methimazole is secreted in breast milk

31
Q

When using BBs for hyperthyroidism, which agents should be avoided?

A

Intrinsic Sympathomimetic Activity (Acebutolol, Pinolol)

32
Q

What are the BBs used as adjunctive therapy for Hyperthyroidism?

A

Propranolol, Esmolol, Nadolol. PEN

33
Q

Which BB has the longest experience and the preferred BB for nursing mothers?

A

Propranolol

34
Q

How do BBs work in hyperthyroidism?

A

Blocks T4 –> T3 conversion

35
Q

When do you use SSKI (Iodine) for Thyroid Storm?

A

Do not start until 1 hour after antithyroid drugs

36
Q

What agents are indicated for controlling PPG?

A

SFUs. Meglitinides. a-Glucosidase Inhibitors. DPP-4 Inhibitors (by MOA of promoting early satiety, increasing insulin secretion, and slowing gastric emptying). Short and Rapid-Acting Insulin

37
Q

What agents are indicated for controlling FPG?

A

Biguanides. TZDs. DPP-4 Inhibitors (by MOA of suppressing secretion of glucagon)

38
Q

What is the criteria for diagnosing DM?

A

1) A1c > 6.5%. 2) FPG > 126. 3) A 2h plasma glucose > 200 during 75g OGTT. 4) Symptoms of DM + random blood glucose > 200

39
Q

What are the goal levels for the 75g OGTT?

A

Fasting: 92. 1h: 180. 2h: 153. 3h: 140

40
Q

Whats an easy way to determine A1c with someones average blood glucose level?

A

140 = 6.5%. Every 1% increase or decrease is about 30 extra glucose

41
Q

Which diabetes medication is preferred in advanced liver disease?

A

Insulin

42
Q

Which diabetes medications are not eliminated by kidneys, no restriction on use?

A

Pioglitazone. Linagliptin

43
Q

What are the GDM glucose goals?

A

Fasting < 95. 1h < 140. 2h < 120

44
Q

What is the typical starting dose (after 28 weeks) of insulin for GDM?

A

NPH insulin 20 units every morning and 10 units of regular insulin