11 The New Typography, Photomontage, and the Bauhaus

Question 1

The New Typography

Answer 1

Jan Tschichold
Leader in changing typography - rules for 20th century type
Sans-serif type, asymmetrical composition, 3-4 sizes of type, boldface type
Heavily influenced by Lissitzky

Question 2

Jan Tschichold

Answer 2

The New Typography
Taught at trade school
Penguin design for books

Question 3

Bauhaus

Answer 3

1 - art school
2- started as expressionistic school and changed to constructivist school
3 - three cities: Weimar, Dessau, Berlin
4 - three heads: Walter Gropius, Meyer, Mies Van der Rohe
5 - influenced other schools, painting, drawing, sculpture, applied arts and learned trades
6 - Founding Phase (1919-1922 - expressionist and arts and crafts); Phase of Consolidation (1923 - design and technology); Phase of Disintegration (1928 - Nazis, fighting w/in school)

Question 4

John Heartfield

Answer 4

Political anti-nazi artist, great photomontage designer
Dada artist, changed his name to sound more English
Soccer ball montage man
Worked for leftist publishing company, making fun of Nazis in local magazine

Question 5

Herbert Matter

Answer 5

Swiss photo montage artist, airbrush work, trying to get people to come to Switzerland

Question 6

Joost Schmidt

Answer 6

taught Graphic Design at Bauhaus
New typefaces
Logos and posters for companies