1.1 Intro health & disease Flashcards
What is health ?
Absence of disease
public health is the practice of ?
1. preventing
2. prolonging
3. promoting
4. the following practices are done via …5… and informed choices of …6… and ..7…
- disease
- life
- health of people in a population
- organised effects
- society, organisations, communities
- individuals
Public health involves 4 aspects which are what ? what questions can be asked from problem to response ?
- surveillance - what is the problem ?
- risk factor identification - what is the cause ?
- intervention, evaluation - what works ?
- implementation - how do. you do it ?
Name some public health interventions which are contributing to the increased life expectancy
safer
- motor vehicle safety
- safer workplaces
- safer and healthier foods
“planning”
- vaccination
- family planning
- control of infectious diseases
definitive
- decline in deaths from coronary heart disease and stroke
- healthier babies and mothers
Equality = __
Equity = __
Equality = sameness
Equity = fairness
social determinants of health?
1. conditions in which people are ….
2. these conditions are shaped by the distribution of ….. at global, national and local levels
- born, grow, live, work and age,
- money, power and resources
health equity = absence of …1.. or ..2.. differences among groups of people whether those groups are defined …3…, ..4.., …5… or …6…
- avoidable
- remedial
- socially
- economically
- demographically
- geographically
Health inequality = …1.., variations and disparities in the ..2…. of individuals and groups of people
1.differences
2. health achievements
Inverse care law state that availability of …1… tends to vary ..2… with the need for it in the ..3.. served
so… those who are ..4… are …5… likely to have access to it
- good medical care
- inversely
- population
- most in need of health care
- least
Efforts to reduce health inequalities via public health…name some examples:
- Health needs assessment = identifying vulnerable populations with specific health needs
- Health equity audit = of service delivery
- Work to improve equity, diversity and human rights
- Health impact assessment = of policies, programmes and plans
4 examples of epidemiological statistical data
- Infant mortality statistics
- Mortality statistics
- Morbidity statistics - including chronic disease management
- Life expectancy at birth
Why do we need to measure health inequalities ?
To identify where the need is.
How can resources be re-allocated to help improve health outcomes
People in higher socioeconomic bounds have__ life expectancies
Improved
Epidemiology = study of the …1… of health-related …2… in specified populations and the application of this study to the ….3… of health problems
- distribution and determinant
- states or events
- control
What 4 parameters does epidemiology investigate ?
- WHAT is the problem and its frequency ?
- WHO is affected ?
- WHERE and WHEN does it occur ?
- WHY does it occur in this particular population ?
