1.1 Inside the atom

Question 1

What must we use to see images of atoms

Answer 1

An electron microscope

Question 2

What did Rutherford find from his alpha-scattering investigations?

Answer 2

Every atom contains:

• A positively charged nucleus composed of protons and neutrons
• Electrons that surround the nucleus

Question 3

What word is used to describe a proton or neutron in the nucleus?

Answer 3

Nucleon

Question 4

How are electrons held in the atom?

Answer 4

Electrons have a negative charge while a nucleus has a positive charge meaning that they are held in place by electrostatic charges

Question 5

Charge of proton (relative to proton)

Answer 5

+1

Question 6

Charge of neutron (relative to proton)

Answer 6

0

Question 7

Charge of electron (relative to proton)

Answer 7

-1

Question 8

Mass of proton (relative to proton)

Answer 8

1

Question 9

Mass of neutron (relative to proton)

Answer 9

1

Question 10

Mass of electron (relative to proton)

Answer 10

0.0005

Question 11

How does an atom become an ion

Answer 11

Gains or loses electrons as atoms have no overall charge

Question 12

Every atom of a given element has the same number of protons…

Answer 12

…as any other atom of the same element

Question 13

What is the proton (atomic) number?

Answer 13

The number of protons in the nucleus

Question 14

What are isotopes

Answer 14

Atoms with the same number of protons and different numbers of neutrons

Question 15

What is the nucleon number/mass number

Answer 15

The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom

Question 16

What is a nucleon

Answer 16

A neutron or a proton in the nucleus

Question 17

What is Z

Answer 17

The number of protons, written at the bottom left of the element symbol

Question 18

What is A

Answer 18

Gives the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus, written at the top left of the element symbol

Question 19

How to find the number of neutrons in the nucleus

Answer 19

A-Z

Question 20

What is a nuclide

Answer 20

Each type of nucleus

Question 21

What is the specific charge of a charged particle

Answer 21

Defined as its charge divided by its mass

Question 22

How can we calculate the specific charge of a charged particle

Answer 22

If we know the charge and mass of the particle