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Dermatology Week 1 2017/18 > 11: Hypersensitivity > Flashcards

11: Hypersensitivity Flashcards

1
Q

What is hypersensitivity?

A

Immune response causing collateral damage

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2
Q

Allergic and autoimmune responses are example of what?

A

Hypersensitivity

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3
Q

What mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions?

A

Antibodies (IgE)

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4
Q

type iv

A
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5
Q

time frames

A
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6
Q

Allergy involves reactions to ___ substances.

A

harmless

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7
Q

What name is given to harmless substances which cause allergic reactions?

A

Allergens

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8
Q

Type I reactions tend to occur ___.

A

immediately

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9
Q

Type I allergies tend to be (immediate / delayed) and (consistent / unpredictable).

A

immediate

consistent

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10
Q

Name an antigen-presenting cell which involved in Type I allergic responses.

A

Dendritic cells

Mast cells

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11
Q

Which cells produce the antibodies responsible for mediating Type I hypersensitivity reactions?

A

B cells

(also memory B cells)

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12
Q

What is urticaria?

A

Hives

i.e big red lumpy rashes

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13
Q

How long does urticaria typically last?

A

2-6 hours

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14
Q

angioedema

A
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15
Q

How can a Type I allergy be diagnosed?

A

Serum IgE test

Skin prick / patch testing

Challenge testing

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16
Q

serum tryptase

A
17
Q

epipen doses

A
18
Q

What is the jist of Type IV hypersensitivity reactions?

A

Delayed response

19
Q

What mediates Type IV hypersensitivity reactions?

A

T cells

20
Q

Name an example of Type IV hypersensitivity reactions.

A

Allergic contact dermatitis

21
Q

How long after exposure to allergens do Type IV hypersensitivity reactions start?

A

24 - 48 hours

22
Q

Give an example of a substance which causes a Type IV hypersensitivity reaction.

A

Nickel

Poison ivy

Thiuram (used in rubber gloves)

Colophany used in adhesives

Deodorant chemicals

garlic

stuff in tattoos

23
Q

How can Type IV hypersensitivity be diagnosed?

A

Patch testing

24
Q

Nappy rash and excessive handwashing are examples of which type of dermatitis?

A

Irritant contact dermatitis

25
Q

Is irritant contact dermatitis an example of hypersensitivity?

A

No

not an immune response

26
Q

atopic eczema

A
27
Q

Dermatitis can be caused by allergens, irritants or ___.

A

infection e.g fungal

Dermatology Week 1 2017/18 (13 decks)

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