1.1 - Division and differentiation of human cells

Question 1

Grows and divided in an unregulated way to produce a tumour.

Answer 1

Cancer cell

Question 2

Tissue that supports, connects or separates other body tissues.

Answer 2

Connective tissue

Question 3

Changes to cells that allow them to specialise for different functions.

Answer 3

Differentiation

Question 4

Refers to a cell having two sets of chromosomes.

Answer 4

Diploid

Question 5

Stem cells from embryos that can divide and become any type of cell.

Answer 5

Embryonic stem cells

Question 6

Tissue that lines tubes and surfaces within the body.

Answer 6

Epithelial tissue

Question 7

Issue affecting human attitudes and decisions regarding various choices.

Answer 7

Ethical issue

Question 8

Cell that can give rise to gametes.

Answer 8

Germline cells

Question 9

Describes a cell having one set of chromosomes. (e.g. gametes)

Answer 9

Haploid

Question 10

Type of white blood cell involved in a specific immune response.

Answer 10

Lymphocyte

Question 11

Type of cell division resulting in four haploid gametes.

Answer 11

Meiosis

Question 12

Division of the nucleus of somatic or germline cells, giving two diploid daughter cells.

Answer 12

Mitosis

Question 13

Stem cell that has the potential to make almost all cell types found within a particular tissue.

Answer 13

Multipotent stem cells

Question 14

Tissue making up skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle.

Answer 14

Muscle tissue

Question 15

Random change to DNA sequence.

Answer 15

Mutation

Question 16

Tissue making up the nervous system.

Answer 16

Nervous tissue

Question 17

Defence white blood cell that can engulf and destroy foreign material.

Answer 17

Phagocyte

Question 18

Blood cell fragments important in blood clotting.

Answer 18

Platelets

Question 19

Stem cell that has the potential to make almost all differentiated cell types of the body.

Answer 19

Pluripotent stem cell

Question 20

Blood cell containing haemoglobin, which can carry oxygen in the bloodstream.

Answer 20

Red blood cell

Question 21

Molecular signal that can be received by a cell to modify its activity.

Answer 21

Regulatory signal

Question 22

Cancer formed from a cell transported from a primary tumour.

Answer 22

Secondary tumour

Question 23

Body cell that divides by mitosis to form more body cells.

Answer 23

Somatic cell

Question 24

Unspecialised cell that can divide and then differentiate.

Answer 24

Stem cell

Question 25

Used as part of a medical therapy.

Answer 25

Therapeutic

Question 26

Stem cells from tissue that divide and differentiated to become cells of that tissue.

Answer 26

Tissue (adult) stem cells

Question 27

Collection of cancer cells produced by excessive, uncontrolled cell division.

Answer 27

Tumour