1.1- Arguments, Premises, and Conclusions

Question 1

Logic

Answer 1

The organized body of knowledge, or science, that evaluates arguments.
The aim is to develop a system of methods and principles that we may use as criteria for evaluating the arguments of others and as guides in constructing arguments of our own.

Question 2

Arguments

Answer 2

In its most basic form, is a group of statements, one or more of which (the premises) are claimed to provide support for, or reasons to believe, on of the others (conclusion).

Question 3

What is the purpose of logic?

Answer 3

The purpose is to develop methods and techniques that allow us to distinguish good arguments from bad.

Question 4

Statement

Answer 4

A sentence, usually declarative, that is either true or false.

Question 5

Truth Value

Answer 5

The evaluation of a statement as either true or false (bivalent logic).

Question 6

Conclusion Indicators

Answer 6

Therefore, thus, hence, so, consequently, as a result, implies that, etc.

Question 7

Premise Indicators

Answer 7

Since, because, for, inasmuch, as, etc.

Question 8

Inference

Answer 8

The reasoning process expressed by an argument (inference= argument, loosely).

Question 9

Proposition

Answer 9

The meaning or information content of a statement.
-Some of these may be expressed by different statements (proposition- statement, loosely).