11/14 Cranium And Development CC

Question 1

Answer 1

Question 2

Answer 2

Question 3

Answer 3

Question 4

Answer 4

Question 5

Answer 5

Question 6

Answer 6

Positional plagiocephaly (“oblique head” often referred to as “flat head syndrome”) - common condition of cranial asymmetries generally due to repetitive positioning during early growth that results in an oblique slant to the sagittal axis.

Question 7

Answer 7

Scaphocephaly - premature fusion of the sagittal suture (40-60%).

[Craniosynostosis: malformations that result from premature closure of cranial sutures to be genetic in nature. The type of deformation is dependent of which suture(s) fuse prematurely.]

Question 8

Answer 8

Brachycephaly - premature fusion of the coronal suture (20-30%).

[Craniosynostosis: malformations that result from premature closure of cranial sutures to be genetic in nature. The type of deformation is dependent of which suture(s) fuse prematurely.]

Question 9

Answer 9

Plagiocephaly: premature fusion of 1 side of either the coronal suture (anterior) or the lambdoidal (posterior) sutures or both (<4%). This is a subtype of craniosynostosis, and distinct from positional plagiocephaly.

[Craniosynostosis: malformations that result from premature closure of cranial sutures to be genetic in nature. The type of deformation is dependent of which suture(s) fuse prematurely.]

Question 10

Answer 10

Trigonocephaly: premature fusion of the metopic suture (<10%).

[Craniosynostosis: malformations that result from premature closure of cranial sutures to be genetic in nature. The type of deformation is dependent of which suture(s) fuse prematurely.]

Question 11

Answer 11

Kleeblattschadel (Clover Leaf) - premature fusion of the coronal, lambdoid, and Sagittarius sutures. Extremely rare.
Proptosis - abnormal protrusion or displacement of eye (or other body part).
Hypertelorism - in this case is an increased distance between the eyes.

[Craniosynostosis: malformations that result from premature closure of cranial sutures to be genetic in nature. The type of deformation is dependent of which suture(s) fuse prematurely.]

Question 12

Answer 12

Question 13

Answer 13

Microcephaly - a large # of congenital issues can result in this, but for this lecture, concern is premature fusion of all sutures and fontanelles during early cranial development, preventing brain and cranium from growing. Results in SEVERE cognitive dysfunction.

Hydrocephaly - congenital inability to absorb cerebral spinal fluid resulting in overproduction and increased intracranial pressure that causes continued growth and expansion of the calvaria bones along the sutures. Generally fixed with a shunt into the venous system.

Question 14

Answer 14

Question 15

Answer 15

Question 16

Answer 16

Question 17

Answer 17