10.3 Study Guide Flashcards
Define sexual and asexual reproduction. Explain the primary differences between the two.
Sexual reproduction is a form of reproduction in which the gene sequence of the offspring is a random combination of the gene sequences of two parent organisms. Asexual reproduction is a form of reproduction in which the gene sequence of the offspring is identical to the gene sequence of the single parent organism (excluding random mutations). Sexual reproduction requires two members of the same species that are different sexes/produce opposite gametes, and it usually takes longer and requires more resources and energy to perform. Asexual reproduction requires only one organism of a species, and it usually takes less time and requires fewer resources and less energy.
State the phases of meiosis in order. Include ALL phases.
Prophase –> Metaphase –> Anaphase –> Telephase + Cytokinesis –> Prophase –> Metaphase –> Anaphase –> Telephase + Cytokinesis
Define meiosis. In what ways does it differ from mitosis, and what is its purpose?
Meiosis is a form of cell division in which a cell divides into two cells, each with a random half of the parent cell’s chromosomes/gene sequence. This is different from mitosis, which is a form of cell division in which a cell divides into two cells with the exact same chromosomes/gene sequence as the parent. The purpose of meiosis is to produce gametes, or sex cells, which combine with the opposite gamete to combine their halves and form a fertilized cell with the full amount of required chromosomes (which is how reproduction begins).
Explain how the appearance of a cell changes throughout meiosis. You need only describe one of the two meiosis processes.
Compare the pros and cons of sexual and asexual reproduction. Why is it that sexual reproduction tends to produce higher population survival rates?
True or false: The human life cycle is classified as haploid-dominant.
False. The human life cycle is classified as diploid-dominant.
