7.3 Study Guide Flashcards
Define Metabolism. Explain the difference between Anabolic and Catabolic reactions.
Metabolism is the body’s process of extracting and storing energy from food and consumed structures and using that energy to power bodily functions. Anabolic reactions build molecular structures out of smaller pieces, while Catabolic reactions split molecular structures into smaller pieces. Both are involved in the metabolic processes.
Define Exergonic and Endergonic reactions and explain how they are related to Anabolic and Catabolic reactions.
Exergonic reactions release more energy than is required to begin them. Endergonic reactions require more energy to begin than they release. Generally speaking, Anabolic reactions are endergonic and Catabolic reactions are exergonic.
True or False: Endergonic reactions are generally Anabolic and include Hydrolysis as an example.
False. While Endergonic and Anabolic reactions are generally synonymous, hydrolysis is an example of a process involved in Catabolic or (usually) Exergonic reactions.
Explain the difference between ATP and ADP. Which type of reaction occurs during cellular respiration and allows ADP to be transformed into ATP?
ATP and ADP stand for Adenosine Triphosphate and Adenosine Diphosphate respectively. Their only difference is that ATP is partially made up of three phosphate groups compared to ADP’s two. During cellular respiration Anabolic/Endergonic reactions take place to bind a phosphate group to ADP, forming ATP.
In an endergonic reaction, will the product(s) have more or less energy than the reactant(s)? Why?
In an endergonic reaction, the product(s) will have more energy than the reactant(s) due to the reaction involving a net increase in applied/required energy.
Explain why graphs representing energy levels in both exergonic and endergonic reactions aren’t all just increasing or decreasing linear slopes.
Despite enzymes increasing the rates of occurrence of chemical reactions, energy input is still required for any reaction to begin. Thus, said graphs all include small parabolic sections representing the energy increase required to begin both exergonic and endergonic reactions.
Explain why exergonic reactions normally must precede endergonic reactions for the latter to occur.
Due to endergonic reactions’ trait of taking more energy than they give, surplus energy is normally required so that the body does not use too much energy producing these reactions. A perfect source of this surplus energy is the energy released by exergonic reactions, which give more than they take. Thus, exergonic reactions often precede endergonic reactions as a way to supply the energy required to produce the endergonic reactions.
