10.2 Quiz History Flashcards
Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla:
Mexican priest who led revolution against Spanish in 1810
~80,000 Indians and mestizos (people of mixed Indian
and Spanish blood)
~Revolt failed but inspired a growing rebellion.
American Settlers move to Texas
~Spanish in Mexico worried about:
~U.S. attacks
~Mexico revolutions
~1821 Mexico became independent.
~1824 adopted republican constitution
~Americans flocked to Texas for free land!
~Americans failed to obey Mexican laws.
~Ignored band on slavery.
~Mexico bans further settlements from Americans.
~Americans living in Texas think of declaring independence from Mexico.
Empresarios
agents hired by Mexican gov. to
bring settlers in new territory in Texas.
Stephen F. Austin:
empresario who started a colony
in lower Colorado River (Old 300).
~Success of Old 300 Colony inspired other agents.
Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna:
General who took control of
Mexico.
Suspended Mexico’s republican
constitution.
Turned his attention to problems
in Texas.
Texas Revolution
1835
Gonzales, Texas: Mexican army tried to remove cannon from town (rebels won!)
~1836 Texans declared independence from
Mexico!
Wrote constitution modeled after U.S.
~Slavery was legal.
~David Burnet: President
~Lorenzo de Zavala: VP
Sam Houston
Head of Texas Army
Texas vs. Mexico
Santa Anna angry!
Mexican troops battle Texan volunteer army.
Texas Colonel Jim Travis takes San Antonio
Texans occupy Alamo:
Alamo
abandoned mission and
iconic battle site near San Antonio that became the
symbol of Texas Independence.
Remember the Alamo!
United States volunteer join the
battle in Alamo
Davy Crockett: Frontiersman
Jim Bowie: U.S. Colonel
200 Texan rebels vs huge Mexican
army
~Texans held out for 2 weeks waiting for
~Texan army to assemble.
March 6th Mexican army overcame the Texans.
~Suffered heavy losses.
~All defenders of Alamo were killed.
“Remember the Alamo” became a
rallying cry and inspiration for
Texans and Americans.
Battle of Goliad
Santa Anna ordered execution of 350 prisoners after battle of Goliad
~Texans angered by massacres
Battle of San Jacinto:
Houston’s Texan army
captured Santa Anna and forced him to sign treaty giving Texas independence!
Santa Anna was confident in destroying
remaining threat:
Sam Houston’s untrained/outnumbered army fled
east.
~Took a stand at Jacinto River.
~Santa Anna was careless in choosing camp site.
Independent Nation
Sam Houston= hero of Texas
~Town of Houston created and made into capital.
~Houston voted as president.
~Stephen F. Austin: secretary of state.
Texas want to become part of U.S> (offered land grants to attract settlers, brought slaves)
~President Jackson didn’t annex (take control) of Texas because it would unbalance free vs. slave states in U.S. and didn’t want war with Mexico
~Eventually U.S. recognized Texas as independent nation.
~Mexican gov. no recognize Texas as independent (no agree with Santa Anna’s forced handover of Texas)
~Peace treaty between Texas and Mexico in 1844
Texas Rangers
created to guard frontier from
Mexico and Native American attacks.
