Science Test Force and Motion

Question 1

Kinetic Energy definition

Answer 1

The energy an object has due to its motion
(kinetic=moving)
~depends on mass and speed

Question 2

Potential energy definiton

Answer 2

Stored energy that results from the position or shape of an object
~has the POTENTIAL to do work

Question 3

Law of conservation of energy

Answer 3

~Absence of outside forces, total energy of objects does not change
~energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred and change form

Question 4

Normal force

Answer 4

A contact force that surfaces exert on each other when in contact
~ex. a person sitting on a chair (chair pushing up and the person pushing down on chair)

Question 5

Applied force

Answer 5

Force is directly applied to an object by a person or another object
ex. Person pushing a chair

Question 6

Friction Force

Answer 6

Resistance of motion when 1 object rubs against another
ex. person running on grass

Question 7

Tension force

Answer 7

Pulling force thats transmitted through a string, cable, wire, etc.
ex. person climbing a rope ( tension pulls up and gravity pulls down)

Question 8

Gravity

Answer 8

Force of attraction between all masses in the universe
ex.Gravity is stronger on earth than on the moon because it has a greater mass

Question 9

Types of Forces

Answer 9

1. normal force
2. applied force
3. friction force
4. tension force
5. gravity

Question 10

Gravitational Potential Energy

Answer 10

Potential energy related to an object’s height. Depends on weight and height relative to a reference point.
ex. skiers on a slope

Question 11

Elastic Potential energy

Answer 11

When an object is stretched or squeezed
ex. archer and bow + arrow

Question 12

distance

Answer 12

length of a path between 2 points

Question 13

displacement

Answer 13

length and direction that an object has moved from its starting point

Question 14

velocity measurement and equation

Answer 14

measurement: m/s
equation: d/t

Question 15

acceleration measurement and equation

Answer 15

measurement: m/s^2
equation: a= ( v_f - v_i ) / t

Question 16

energy measurement

Answer 16

J

Question 17

Force measurement

Answer 17

N

Question 18

distance equation

Answer 18

d= speed x time

Question 19

time equation

Answer 19

t= distance / speed

Question 20

mass measurement

Answer 20

kg

Question 21

Kinetic energy equation

Answer 21

KE= 1/2 x mass x velocity^2

Question 22

PE equation

Answer 22

PE= weight x height

Question 23

Force equation

Answer 23

F= ma

Question 24

Pressure equation

Answer 24

P= f/a

Question 25

How does Newton's first law of motion apply to a penny falling into a cup?

Answer 25

When the card is pulled away, there is an unbalanced force and the penny falls.

Question 26

How does Newton's second law of motion apply to our balloon car experiment?

Answer 26

There more force that was applied to the car, and the less mass the car had, the farther it went.

Question 27

How does Newton's third law of motion apply to Newton's cradle?

Answer 27

However many balls roll in, the same number roll out.

Question 28

Inertia

Answer 28

the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion (Newton's 1st law)

Question 29

Why can airplanes fly?

Answer 29

The shape makes air more faster on top making it have low pressure.

Question 30

Why did the tanker implode?

Answer 30

Air was taken out of it, decreasing the pressure inside. This made the pressure inside of the tanker unequal to the pressure on the outside.

Question 31

Relationship between pressure and altitude

Answer 31

As pressure increases, altitude decreases and vice versa

Question 32

Why is it more challenging to breathe the higher up a mountain you climb?

Answer 32

There is less air in higher altitudes

Question 33

What poles of the magnets attract?

Answer 33

opposite poles

Question 34

what poles on a magnet repel?

Answer 34

like poles

Question 35

How do electromagnets work?

Answer 35

Battery charges paricles of coil, which generates magnetic field around the nail