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Aviation Legislation > 10.1 Regulatory Framework > Flashcards

10.1 Regulatory Framework Flashcards

1
Q

What does ICAO stand for?

A

International Civil Aviation Organisation

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2
Q

What is the purpose of ICAO?

A

To harmonise international standards in civil aviation to ensure safe and orderly growth

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3
Q

Where and when was ICAO created?

A

Chicago Convention

December 1944

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4
Q

What is the term used for when only 26 out of the 52 members of state signed in agreement?
What does it stand for?

A

PICAO

Provisional International Civil Aviation Organisation

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5
Q

When was ICAO fully ratified?

A

March 5th 1947

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6
Q

Who are the members of ICAO?

A

Conventions 191 member states and global aviation organisations

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7
Q

Where is ICAOs Headquarters?

A

Montreal

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8
Q

What is ICAO a part of?

A

The United Nations

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9
Q

What did ICAO develop?

A

SARPS

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10
Q

What does SARPS stand for?

A

Standards And Recommended Practices

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11
Q

How does ICAO ensure its regulations are complied with by its members?

A

Members who sign the agreement must comply with the conditions of joining the ICAO

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12
Q

What document lays down the law of the land with respect to civil aviation in the United Kingdom?

A

CAP 393, Air Navigation Order

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13
Q

When did the UK Government pass the CAA after joining the ICAO?

A

1949

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14
Q

Where are the requirements for Civil Aviation Act laid down in?

A

Air Navigation Order, CAP 393

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15
Q

When was the CAA formed as the first unified and independent body controlling civil aviation?

A

April 1972

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16
Q

What is the CAP 393, Air Navigation Order?

A

A legal document which lays down the law of the land with respect to civil aviation in the UK and comprises both articles and schedules

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17
Q

What is each article known as in the CAP 393?

A

An article of the law

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18
Q

What does the CAP 393, ANO apply to?

A

Comes from the EU but applies to all UK based organisations, personnel and only foreign aircraft operating in and over the UK

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19
Q

What are schedules in the ANO?

A

Schedules contain information on how to comply with the associated article

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20
Q

Who must comply with the Air Navigation Order?

A

Must be complied by any UK based organisation, personnel and any foreign aircraft operating in and over the UK

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21
Q

What does SRG stand for?

A

Safety Regulation Group

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22
Q

Where is the SRG Headquarters?

A

Gatwick Airport

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23
Q

What are SRG staff known as and what are they responsible for?

A

Surveyors

Responsible for making sure organisations are in compliance with regulations
They carry out checks and audits to gain approval

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24
Q

What does BCAR stand for?

A

British Civil Airworthiness Requirements

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25
Q

What is a BCAR?

A

Documents produced by the CAA in the form of CAPs and expand on ANOs. They lay down minimum standards required for airworthiness of aircraft in the UK

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26
Q

What are the 2 most important sections in BCAR?

A

CAP 553 Section A - Airworthiness procedures where the CAA has primary responsibility for the type approval of the product

CAP 554 Section B - CAA does NOT have the primary responsibility for type approval of the product

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27
Q

What is meant by an aircraft product?

A

Aircraft
Engines
Propellers

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28
Q

What is the CAP 455 Airworthiness Notices?

A

A publication that is used to contain a large amount of information on airworthiness advice

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29
Q

Where was the information from the CAP 455 transferred to?

A

The CAP 562 and CAP 747

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30
Q

What is CAP 562?

A

Civil Aviation Authorities Information and Procedures (CAAIP)
A leaflet that gives information on civil aircraft during manufacture, maintenance, design etc.
The information is usually of a general nature and does not give specific details

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31
Q

Give two types of CAP 562 leaflets and what information they contain

A

CAP 562 leaflet H-10 - Information about the extent of the various license categories

CAP 562 Leaflet H-60 - Personal responsibility when medically unfit or under influence

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32
Q

What is contained in the CAP 747?

A

Single source of mandatory information provided by the CAA

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33
Q

What does ECAC stand for?

A

European Civil Aviation Conference

34
Q

Who created ECAC?

A

The European Council with the help of ICAO

35
Q

What is ECAC?

A

An inter-governed organisation

36
Q

Where is ECAC located?

A

Paris

37
Q

When was ECAC founded and with how many countries?

A

1955

19 countries

38
Q

How many members are in ECAC today?

A

44 members

39
Q

What are the strategic properties of ECAC?

A

Safety
Security
Environment

40
Q

How often does ECAC meet and where?

A

Every 3 years at the European Parliament in Strasbourg

41
Q

What does JAA stand for?

A

Joint Aviation Authorities

42
Q

What is the JAA and what did it do?

A

It was an associated body of ECAC and it intended to set high safety standards and an equal playing field for any competition in Europe

43
Q

When did JAA begin?

A

In the 1970s

44
Q

What was the JAAs original objective?

A

To produce common certification codes for large aircraft and engines by international consortion

45
Q

What are JARs?

A

Joint Aviation Requirements

46
Q

What are JARs similar to and based on?

A

The American FAA regulations

Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs)

47
Q

What were the membership categories for JAA and what were the differences between them?

A

Full Member - has voting rights and recognition of approval

Candidate Member - does not have voting rights or automatic recognition of approvals

48
Q

What is the purpose of the EU?

A

Attempt to facilitate easy exchange of products and services between member states and to have common standards in most political and economical issues

49
Q

What does EASA stand for?

A

European Association Safety Agency

50
Q

How was EASA created?

A

JAA did not have any law-making authority so in 2002/2003 the European Union created a law making body to ensure common safety standards could be enforced throughout the UK.
The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union created the Basic Regulation 1592/2002 which created EASA

51
Q

Where is EASA based?

A

Cologne, Germany

52
Q

What is a Competent Authority?

A

Has the right to issue on behalf of EASA

53
Q

What are Hard Laws?

A

Binding regulations/rules

54
Q

What are Soft Laws?

A

Non-binding regulations/ rules

55
Q

In the EASA system, what are the three main levels of regulatory material?

A

Basic Regulation
Implementing Rules (IR)
Acceptable Means of Compliance (AMC)

56
Q

Describe Basic Regulations

A

Adopted by the European Parliament and European Council, binding all its elements

57
Q

Describe the Implementing Rules section

A

Hard laws (binding) used to specify a high level of safety and uniform conformity and compliance

58
Q

Describe the Acceptable Means of Compliance section

A

Soft laws adopted by EASA

States one approved method of complying with a requirement, but not the only method

59
Q

What are the two soft laws?

A

AMC - Acceptable Means of Compliance

GM - General Material

60
Q

Describe GM

A

Expands and further explains the requirements and always supplements the AMC
Enables the organisation to create alternate ways to comply with the requirements

61
Q

What are the 2 types of Implemented Rules?

A

The Implemented Rules Initial Airworthiness

The Implemented Rules Continuous Airworthiness

62
Q

Which EASA Document deals with the management of the continuing airworthiness of aircraft?

A

Part M

63
Q

Which EASA document is the regulation governing the airworthiness and certification of aircraft and aircraft products?

A

Part 21

64
Q

Which EASA document details the standards fort he design and manufacture of large aircraft?

A

CS 25

65
Q

What does CS stand for?

A

Certification Specification

66
Q

What are the 4 types of Certification Specifications?

A

CS 23 - Small aeroplanes
CS 25 - Large Aeroplanes over 5700kg
CS 27 - Small helicopters less than 3175kg or 9 passengers
CS 29 - Large Helicopters with more than one engine

67
Q

Where would you find Certification Specifications in the Regulations Structure?

A

Under the Implementing Rules Initial Airworthiness - Part 21

68
Q

What are Annexes?

A

A bulk of information

69
Q

What annexes are found in the Implementing Rules Continuous Airworthiness?

A

Continuing Airworthiness Part M
Maintenance Organisations Part 145
Certifying Staff Part 66
Training Organisations Part 147

Part T - Details the requirements of dry-leased licensed operators, operating aircraft registered in a third country

70
Q

Each Annex is divided into 2 sections, what are the sections and describe them?

A

Section A - (Technical Requirements)
- describes the requirements with which an organisation or individual must comply and gives guidance on how these requirements can be satisfied

Section B - (Competent Authority Procedures)
- procedures for the National Aviation Authorities (NAA) to follow in order to regulate approved companies and individuals

71
Q

What are appendices?

A

Additional information to the sections, mainly about the relevant forms to be used but also other information relevant to the requirements

72
Q

What are the two appendices?

A

AMC - Acceptable Means of Compliance

GM - Guidance Material

73
Q

What does NPA stand for?

A

Notice of Proposed Amendment

74
Q

Who provides the Decision?

A

European Commission, Council or Parliament

75
Q

What does Air Ops stand for?

A

Air Operations

76
Q

What are Air Ops?

A

The regulations that airline operators have to comply with

77
Q

An operator shall not operate a Commercial Air Transport unless…

A

It is maintained and released to service by an organisation appropriately approved/accepted in accordance with Part 145 except that preflight inspections need not necessarily be carried out by a Part 145 organisation

78
Q

What does CAT stand for?

A

Commercial Air Transport

79
Q

What is another name for CAT?

A

Licensed Air Carrier

80
Q

What does Commercial Air Transport operation mean?

A

An aircraft operation to transport passengers, cargo or mail for remuneration or other valuable consideration

Aviation Legislation (7 decks)

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