101-152 Flashcards
101) Which type of antibody is generally found in the mucous membranes of the body?
a. IgE
b. IgM
c. IgA
d. IgD
C. IgA
102) Which type of hypersensitive reaction is most likely involved with IgE antibodies?
a. cell mediated
b. immune complex
c. cytotoxic
d. anaphylaxis
D. Anaphylaxis
103) Which type of granulocyte fights parasitic infections?
a. neutrophil
b. basophil
c. lymphocyte
d. eosinophil
D. Eosinophil
104) The first step in municipal water treatment is:
a. chlorination
b. flocculation
c. filtration
d. flash mix
D. Flash mix
105) The last step in municipal water treatment is:
a. flocculation
b. filtration
c. flash mix
d. chlorination
D. Chlorination
106) Which method of pasteurization heats milk the most in the shortest amount of time?
a. ultra method
b. holding method
c. flash method
d. flocculation
A. Ultra method
107) Antibodies are:
a. lipids
b. carbohydrates
c. proteins
d. antigens
C. Proteins
108) Cow’s milk is heated to 161 F for 15-20 seconds in the ______ method
a. holding
b. ultra
c. flash
d. filtration
C. Flash
109) San Joaquin Valley Fever would be observed in _______ proportions.
a. epidemic
b. endemic
c. pandemic
d. idiopathic
B. Endemic
110) All of the following is usually attained through animal contact except:
a. tularemia
b. psittacosis
c. brucellosis
d. scarlet fever
D. Scarlet Fever
111) Which antibody is involved in allergic reactions?
a. IgA
b. IgM
c. IgD
d. IgE
D. IgE
112) Which of the following antibodies crosses the placenta?
a. IgE
b. IgA
c. IgG
d. IgD
C. IgG
113) This type of antibody is found in tears and saliva?
a. IgG
b. IgE
c. IgA
d. IgM
C. IgA
114) T-cells mature in the
a. bone marrow
b. spleen
c. thymus
d. liver
C. Thymus
115) The pacemaker of the hear is the _______.
a. left ventricle
b. AV node
c. right ventricle
d. SA node
D. SA node
116) Which contains the fastest conduction of the heart?
a. left ventricle
b. AV node
c. perkinje fiber
d. SA node
C. Perkinje fiber
117) Closure of both AV valves causes the ______ sound.
a. S1
b. S2
c. S3
d. S4
A. S1
118) Which usually indicates a heart attack?
a. enlarged P wave
b. enlarged T wave
c. enlarged Q wave
d. enlarged R wave
C. enlarged Q wave
119) Ventricular depolarization is best represented by the ________ wave.
a. T
b. Q
c. QRS
d. P
C. QRS
120) When the semilunar valves close, the ______ sound is produced.
a. S1
b. S2
c. S3
d. S4
B. S2
121) Which creates the S4 sound?
a. ventricle contraction
b. atrial contraction
c. opening of the AV valves
d. closing of the AV valves
B. Atrial contraction
122) The functional unit of the kidney is
a. papillary duct
b. renal pelvis
c. nephron
d. cortex
C. Nephron
123) All of the following are true regarding the kidney except:
a. produces RBC’s
b. forms urine
c. controls blood pressure
d. releases toxins from the blood
A. produces RBC’s
124) The glomerular filtration rate is approximately _________ ml/min.
a. 75
b. 90
c. 125
d. 250
C. 125
125) Efferent arterioles drain into the _______.
a. glomerulus
b. afferent arteriole
c. peritubular capillaries
d. arcuate arteries
C. peritubular capillaries
126) The interlobar vein drains into the
a. renal artery
b. renal vein
c. glomerulus
d. efferent arteriole
B. Renal vein
127) Which directly drains the afferent arteriole?
a. interlobular artery
b. arculate artery
c. glomerulus
d. renal artery
C. glomerulus
128) The arcuate vein drains into the
a. interlobular vein
b. interlobar vin
c. glomerulus
d. renal artery
B. interlobar vein
129) Atrial depolarization is best represented by the ______ wave.
a. T
b. P
c. QRS
d. Q
B. P
130) The main function of the glomerulus is
a. tubular reabsorption
b. concentration of urine
c. filtration of toxins
d. tubular secretion
C. filtration of toxins
131) Which is not a function of the vasa recta of a nephron?
a. tubular secretion
b. tubular reabsorption
c. concentration of urine
d. hemolysis
D. Hemolysis
132) Renal artery directly drains into
a. interlobar vein
b. afferent arteriole
c. arcuate arteries
d. interlobar arteries
D. Interlobar arteries
133) Which has the lowest plasma clearance value?
a. potassium
b. phosphate
c. glucose
d. sodium
C. Glucose
134) All of the following decrease the glomerular filtration rate except?
a. decreased glomerular pressure
b. increased plasma colloidal pressure
c. increased Bowman’s capsule pressure
d. increased glomerular pressure
D. increased glomerular pressure
135) Which vessels have the most pressure?
a. veins
b. arterioles
c. capillaries
d. arteries
D. arteries
136) The ______ reflex maintains blood pressure specifically in the brain.
a. carotid sinus
b. aortic sinus
c. hepatic sinus
d. vaso
A. Carotid sinus
137) All of the following can cause metabolic acidosis except:
a. oxygen deficiency due to high altitude
b. diabetes mellitus
c. excessive diarrhea
d. kidney failure
A. Oxygen deficiency d/t high altitude
138) Respiratory alkalosis can be caused by which of the following?
a. kidney failure
b. prolonged vomiting
c. oxygen deficiency
d. diabetes mellitus
C. oxygen deficiency
139) What enzyme converts Angiotensin 1 into Angiotensin 2?
a. ADH
b. ACT
c. Angiotensin converting enzyme
d. ACTH
C. Angiotensin converting enzyme
140) Which is not an effect of aldosterone?
a. decrease in blood pressure
b. increase in blood pressure
c. increase in blood volume
d. elevation in water content in blood
A. decrease in blood pressure
141) Which causes aldosterone to be released by the adrenal cortex?
a. oxygen depletion
b. increased angiotensin 2
c. renin
d. angiotensinogen
B. increased angiotensin
142) Renin breaks apart _____ to make angiotensin 1
a. Angiotensin 2
b. Phosphate
c. Calcium
d. Angiotensinogen
D. Angiotensinogen
143) What is most responsible for maintaining acid base balance?
a. phosphate ions
b. hydrogen ions
c. oxygen
d. renin
B. hydrogen ions
144) An excessive amount of carbon dioxide in body liquids will cause
a. respiratory alkalosis
b. respiratory acidosis
c. metabolic acidosis
d. none of the above
B. respiratory acidosis
145) Which of the following pH levels are represented as alkalosis?
a. 7.05
b. 7.20
c. 7.25
d. 7.5
D. 7.5
All of the following conditions can cause metabolic acidosis except:
a. Prolonged diarrhea
b. Prolonged vomiting
c. Emphysema
d. Diabetes mellitus
C. Emphysema
147) The functional unit of the lung is which of the following?
a. alveolar sacs
b. trachea
c. alveoli
d. alveolar ducts
C. Alveoli
148) Which muscle elevates the sternum during forced inspiration?
a. SCM
b. scalenus
c. trapezius
d. serratus anterior
A. SCM
149) Which is an accessory inspiratory muscle?
a. Diaphragm
b. SCM
c. External intercostal
d. Erector spinae
B. SCM
150) Intrapleural pressure is
a. always more than atmospheric pressure
b. always less than atmospheric pressure
c. always the same as atmospheric pressure
d. the pressure inside the lungs
B. always less than atmospheric pressure
151) Which forms the blood brain barrier?
a. oligodendrocytes
b. astrocytes
c. microglia
d. ependyma
B. Astrocytes
152) Which of the following has a lung volume of approximately 500 ml?
a. residual volume
b. inspiratory reserve volume
c. expiratory reserve volume
d. tidal volume
D. Tidal volume
