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Hematology > 10.08.18 Peripheral Blood > Flashcards

10.08.18 Peripheral Blood Flashcards

1
Q

What is the thin edge we’re interested in looking at of the smear called?

A

Feathered edge

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2
Q

What are the peripheral smear slides stained with?

A

Wright Giemsa stain

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3
Q

RBC size should be about the size of _____

A

lymphocyte nucleus

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4
Q

The area of central pallor in RBC should be ____ of total RBC diameter

A

1/3

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5
Q

refers to RBC which vary widely in size

A

Anisocytosis

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6
Q

mathematically measures the range of RBC sizes

A

RDW

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7
Q

refers to red cells that are small

A

Microcytosis

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8
Q

What lab value helps determine microcytosis/macrocytosis?

A

MCV

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9
Q

What does the differential diagnosis of microcytosis include?

A
  1. Iron deficiency
  2. Thalassemias
  3. Lead poisoning
  4. Sideroblastic anemia
  5. Anemia of chronic disease (usually normocytic)
  6. Hemoglobin C disease and trait
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10
Q

refers to large RBC

A

macrocytosis

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11
Q

What does the differential diagnosis for macrocytosis include?

A
  1. B12/folate deficiency
  2. Liver disease
  3. Thyroid disease
  4. Chemotherapy
  5. Anti-retrovirals
  6. Aplastic anemia
  7. MDS
  8. Elevated reticulocyte count
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12
Q

refers to RBC that have too little hemoglobin

A

Hypochromasia

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13
Q

How can you measure hypochromasia?

A

MCH

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14
Q

refers to RBC that have a bluish tinge

A

Polychromasia

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15
Q

What are blue cells in polychromasia usually?

A

reticulocytes

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16
Q

RBC that vary widely in shape

A

Poikilocytosis

17
Q

look like bulls-eyes

A

Target cells

18
Q

What does the differential diagnosis of target cells include?

A
  1. Liver disease
  2. Thalassemias
  3. Hemoglobin C
  4. After splenectomy
19
Q

have a loss of central pallor

A

Spherocytes

20
Q

When would you see spherocytes?

A
  1. Hereditary spherocytosis

2. Autoimmune hemolysis

21
Q

red cell fragments with sharp edges

A

Schistocytes

22
Q

Schistocytes are the hallmark for which disease?

A

Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia (MAHA)

23
Q

These cells are seen in sickle cell anemia

A

Sickle cells

24
Q

What cells are included with sickle cell smears?

A

Target cells

25
Q

have small, regular projections

A

Echinocytes or burr cells

26
Q

This disorder of RBC shape is seen in renal disease where as this one is seen in liver disease

A

Renal- echinocytes

Liver- acanthocytes

27
Q

have larger, irregular projections

A

acanthocytes or spur cells

28
Q

seen in myelophthisic processes, which are diseases of marrow infiltration

A

Teardrop cells

29
Q

In what diseases can you see teardrop cells?

A
  1. Myelofibrosis
  2. Tumor metastatic to marrow
  3. Granulomatous diseases
  4. Leukemias and lymphomas
  5. Sometimes in massive splenomegaly
30
Q

peripheral, small round, purple inclusions within red cells that represent nuclear remnants;

A

Howell-Jolly Bodies

31
Q

What kind of cells can we see after a splenectomy?

A
  1. Target cells
  2. Achantocytes
  3. Schistocytes
  4. Nucleated red cells
  5. Howell-Jolly Bodies
32
Q

linear arrangements of red cells typically described as “piles of coins on a plate”

A

Rouleaux

33
Q

this is typically seen in disorders with increased levels of immunoglobulin (multiple myeloma, Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia) and severe hypo-albuminemia

A

Rouleux

34
Q

occrus when the red cells are coated with IgM, which is large enough to bridge two red cells

A

Agglutination

35
Q

What is the difference between agglutination and rouleux?

A

Rouleux is linear and orderly

36
Q

Hypchromic, microcytic cells; increased numbers of platelets can be seen with this anemia

A

iron deficiency anemia

37
Q

In this type of anemia, red cells are macrocytic and hypersegmented neutrophils can be seen

A

Megaloblastic anemia

38
Q

What types of cells are seen in autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA)

A

polychromasia and microspherocytes

Hematology (23 decks)

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