1000ft view part 2 Liver, gallbladder, exocrine pancreas Flashcards
What is the largest solid organ
Liver
what are the 4 lobes of the liver
right and left (anterior)
cuadate and quadrate lobe (posterior)
where does the hepatic artery, portal vein and left/right hepatic duct enter
porta hepatis
What is the Glisson capsule
contains neurovascular supply - irritation to the capsule is what will cause pain
what deperates R/L lobe
falciform ligament
what is the round ligament
aka ligamentum teres
extends off of falciform ligament, remnant umbilical vein, attached to umbilicus
what is the coronary ligament
comes off falciform to support superiorly to diaphragm
how much blood is in the liver from the arterial system
400-500mL/min
how much blood is in the liver from the venous blood
1000-1200mL/min
what is the liver made up of
hepatocytes
-functional unit and can regenerate
what is included in the portal triad
bile ductule
branch of portal vein
branch of hepatic artery
what are sinusoids
capillaries between hepatocytes that receive both arterial and venous blood
-very permeable
what do sinusoids train to
central vein to the hepatic vein to the IVC
what are Kupfer cells
within the sinusoid
help with process of breaking down old RBCs
how much bile is produced per day
700-1200mL/day by the liver
what makes bile
hepatocytes
what is the gallblader
smooth muscle - store and concentrates biles
what is heme converted into
bilirubin - put into plasma
what is unconjugated bilirubin
bound to albumin (lipid soluble)
what conjugated bilirubin
unbound (water soluble) joins with acid
green/black color
what changes insulin sensitivity
age, weight, amount of adipose tissue, activity level
what does glucagon increase
cardiac contraction
renal blood flow
bile excretion
what does the liver make
albumin
what helps to maintain osmotic pressure
albumin
what clotting factors does the liver make
I (fibrinogen)
II (thrombin)
Vitamin K dependent coagulation factors
helps create platelets (thrombopoetin)
what break down clotting factors does the liver make
plasminogen, antithrombin
what results from breakdown of proteins
ammonia
what brings iron to needed area
tansferrin
what is iron stored as in the liver
ferritin
who do we check ammonia levels on
chronic alcholics
what is the head of the pancreas attached to
duodenum
what allows for the release of exocrine contents of the pancreas into the Gi tract
bile duct
what does the head of the pancreas receive blood supply from
SMA
what does the body/tail of the pancreas receive blood supply from
branches off of the splenic artery
what are the uses of pancreatic juices
lipase breaks down fat
amylase breaks down carbohydrates
trypsin and chemotrypsin break down protein into amino acids
what is the pH of the stomach
2
what is the pH of duodenum
6
what is the pH of the ileum
7.4
