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Aural Rehab Lectures > 1.00​​ - ​​Overview and Introduction > Flashcards

1.00​​ - ​​Overview and Introduction Flashcards

0
Q

Aural Rehabilitation is “understanding & addressing the needs of individuals and their family with hearing loss to ______ in everyday life.” Tye-Murray

A

Achieve maximum communication success

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1
Q

Aural Rehabilitation is “any device, procedure, information, interaction, or therapy which lessens the ______ & ______ consequences of a hearing loss”. Ross, Mark 1999

A

Communicative

Psychosocial

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2
Q

“Audiologic/aural rehabilitation (AR) is an ecological, interactive process that facilitates one’s ability to minimize or prevent the limitations and restrictions that auditory dysfunctions can impose on well-being and communication, including ______ functioning.” (ASHA Working Group on Audiologic Rehabilitation, 2001)

A

Interpersonal, psychosocial, educational, and vocational

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3
Q

What is Aural Rehabilitation?

A

Any intervention that minimizes and alleviates communication difficulties associated with hearing loss.

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4
Q

What is the difference between Aural Habilitation vs Rehabilitation?

A

Aural Habilitation: used when working with persons (e.g. children) who have not developed a skill.

Rehabilitation: when working on restoring a skill that was loss

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5
Q

What are the Goals of AR Intervention?

A

Help individuals and families overcome challenges posed by the hearing disability

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6
Q

Is minimizing and alleviating the communication difficulties associated with an auditory disorder a goal of aural rehab?

A

Yes

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7
Q

Is assisting the individual to function to the highest potential a goal of aural rehab?

A

Yes

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8
Q

Is facilitating “independent living” a goal of aural rehab?

A

Yes

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9
Q

What is the difference between congential and acquired HL?

A

Congenital HL is HL that was present at birth

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10
Q

What do we see so many more children with hearing loss?

A

The higher survival rate of premature babies

Younger clients due to early identification

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11
Q

Does being born prematurely increase your risk of hearing loss?

A

Yes

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12
Q

The ADA requires equal access in ______ and ______.

A

Public facilities

Workplaces

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13
Q

Can you be fired for having a hearing loss?

A

No. You must be given either accommodations or an new position

Doesn’t always happen easily, usually employee must fight for it

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14
Q

Why do we se so many seniors with HL?

A

Baby Boomers are a large segment of the us

Longer lifespan means more people with HL

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15
Q

Who receives AR?

6

A

Infants

School-age children

Adults

Seniors

Parents

Significant Other(s)

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16
Q

What the earliest age that a child can receive a cochlear implant?

A

12 months

Can be as early as 6 months if due to meningitis (There is a risk of boney cochlear growth)

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17
Q

Do adults and children with mild to profound SNHL, CHL, MHL (unilateral or bilateral) use AR services?

A

Yes

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18
Q

Do adults and children with auditory neurological/central disorders use AR services?

A

Yes

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19
Q

How does the Deaf community use AR services?

A

Should they need accommodations at home, school, or work

Oral/manual language development

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20
Q

How do hearing children of deaf parents use AR services?

A

Oral communication development

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21
Q

Are people who receive AR services similar?

A

No. They are a heterogeneous group

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22
Q

What is a Hearing Disorder?

A

An impairment

A problem of structure or function of auditory system

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23
Q

What does a hearing disorder include?

A

All types hearing loss

CAPD and other auditory neurological disorders

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24
Q

How is a hearing disorder diagnosed?

A

Through readily measurable through diagnostic testing

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25
Q

What are Activity Limitations (Disability) and Participation Restrictions?

A

How the hearing loss affects someone’s day-to-day life

This may change over time

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26
Q

Are Activity Limitations/Participation Restrictions the same for everyone with the same degree of hearing loss?

A

No. It varies from person to person

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27
Q

How might a person’s life be affected by hearing impairment?

A

Conversing with others in everyday life

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28
Q

How does WHO differ between Activity Limitation and Participation Restriction?

A

Activity Limitation is a change caused by hearing loss (a physical impairment) that results in a reduction in function (e.g. difficulty hearing high frequency sounds and understanding speech)

Participation Restriction is the effect of this limitation on the broader scope of patient’s life (e.g. Person may avoid social gatherings)

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29
Q

What does WHO stand for?

A

World Health Organization

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30
Q

What is WHO?

A

Coordinating health authority within the United Nations

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31
Q

What does ICF stand for?

A

International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF)

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32
Q

What does WHO ICF focus on?

A

The impact rather than the cause

Looks at the social aspects of disability (versus only the biologic/medical dysfunction)

Looks at impact of the environment on person’s functioning (contextual factors)

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33
Q

What does WHO say are four factors that contribute to Participation Restrictions?

A

Limitations in Communication Activity

Lifestyle

Frequent Communication Partners

Psychosocial factors

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34
Q

What are some psychological factors that might affects someone’s attitude towards HL?

A

Self-image

Motivation

Assertiveness

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35
Q

What are some social factors that might affects someone’s attitude towards HL?

A

The viewpoints of one’s society

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36
Q

Can someone’s Degree, Progression, Type, and/or Configuration of Hearing Loss affect their Activity Limitations?

A

Yes

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37
Q

Can someone’s present age affect their Activity Limitations?

A

Yes

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38
Q

Can someone’s age of onset affect their Activity Limitations?

A

Yes

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39
Q

Can the age someone’s HL was first discovered affect their Activity Limitations?

A

Yes

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40
Q

Can the Provision of Listening Aids and Treatment affect Activity Limitations?

A

Yes

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41
Q

Can the amount of treatment already received affect Activity Limitations?

A

Yes

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42
Q

Can the success of treatment affect Activity Limitations?

A

Yes

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43
Q

Can someone’s Physical Environment affect their Activity Limitations?

A

Yes

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44
Q

Can someone’s communicative needs & nature of the settings communication occurs affect their Activity Limitations?

A

Yes

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45
Q

Can Individual Factors affect Activity Limitations?

A

Yes

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46
Q

Can someone’s reaction to hearing impairment (self and others) affect their Activity Limitations?

A

Yes

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47
Q

Can the effects on expressive communication affect Activity Limitations?

A

Yes

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48
Q

Why is Hearing Loss sometimes referred to as “Invisible”?

A

Consequences manifest across all aspects of life

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49
Q

Where can HL affect daily communication?

A

Home

School

Work

Social activities

Environmental awareness

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50
Q

Can HL affect Speech and Language Development?

A

Yes

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51
Q

Can HL affect Educational achievement?

A

Yes

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52
Q

Can HL affect Vocational achievement?

A

Yes

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53
Q

Can HL affect Socialization?

A

Yes

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54
Q

Can HL affect Psychological / emotional functioning?

A

Yes

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55
Q

Who receives Aural Habilitation and who receives Aural Rehabilitation?

A

Aural Habilitation = children who have had hearing loss since birth

Aural Rehab = children and adults designed to restore a lost state or function. (Implies hearing previously existed)

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56
Q

Are diagnostics and quantification of HL a Primary Component of AR?

A

Yes

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57
Q

Is provision of appropriate primary listening devices, secondary assistive listening devices, and assistive technology equipment a Primary Component of AR?

A

Yes

58
Q

Is Auditory training a Primary Component of AR?

Is structured and unstructured listening practice a Primary Component of AR?

A

Yes

59
Q

Are Communication Strategies training a Primary Component of AR?

A

Yes

60
Q

Is facilitative and repair strategies a Primary Component of AR?

A

Yes

61
Q

Is environmental control a Primary Component of AR?

A

Yes

62
Q

Is assertiveness and advocacy a Primary Component of AR?

A

Yes

63
Q

Is informational/educational counseling a Primary Component of AR?

A

Yes

64
Q

Is helping the individual and family to become knowledgeable about hearing loss and the potential impact a Primary Component of AR?

A

Yes

65
Q

Is providing resources about available services a Primary Component of AR?

A

Yes

66
Q

Is Emotional Support a Primary Component of AR?

A

Yes

67
Q

Is Personal Adjustment Counseling a Primary Component of AR?

A

Yes

68
Q

What is Personal Adjustment Counseling?

A

Enhancing acceptance of hearing loss and self-management

69
Q

Is psychosocial support a Primary Component of AR?

A

Yes

70
Q

What is psychosocial support?

A

Addressing social and psychological aspects e.g. family issues, stress management

Support groups

71
Q

Is Frequent Communication Partner Training a Primary Component of AR?

A

Yes

72
Q

Is Speechreading Training a Primary Component of AR?

A

Yes

73
Q

Is Training Speech Recognition via auditory and visual channels a Primary Component of AR?

A

Yes

74
Q

Is Speech-Language Therapy a Primary Component of AR?

A

Yes

75
Q

Is choosing appropriate communication method a Primary Component of AR?

A

Yes

76
Q

Is speech therapy for oral communication (children and adults) a Primary Component of AR?

A

Yes

77
Q

Why do people participate in speech therapy for oral communication (children and adults)?

A

Development

Intelligibility improvement

Maintenance of speech skills for late-deafened adults

78
Q

Are language enhancement programs and methods a Primary Component of AR?

A

Yes

79
Q

Is In-Service Training a Primary Component of AR?

A

Yes

80
Q

What is In-Service Training?

A

Specialized training for other professionals who work with individuals with HL

(teachers, caretakers, senior citizen centers, etc)

81
Q

Is a multi-disciplinary approach used to provide AR Services?

A

Yes

82
Q

Does the Audiologist provide AR Services?

A

Yes

83
Q

Do speech/language pathologists provide AR Services?

A

Yes

84
Q

Do Teachers of the Hearing Impaired/Deaf provide AR Services?

A

Yes

85
Q

Do Parents provide AR Services?

A

Yes

86
Q

Do Communication partners provide AR Services?

A

Yes

87
Q

Can the early intervention specialist be a member of a multi-disciplinary AR team?

A

Yes

88
Q

Can the Auditory Verbal therapist be a member of a multi-disciplinary AR team?

A

Yes

89
Q

Can the classroom teacher be a member of a multi-disciplinary AR team?

A

Yes

90
Q

Can psychologists and counselors be members of a multi-disciplinary AR team?

A

Yes

91
Q

Can Vocational Rehabilitation Counselors be members of a multi-disciplinary AR team?

A

Yes

92
Q

Can physicians be members of a multi-disciplinary AR team?

A

Yes

93
Q

Does the Team Leader / Case Manager vary depending on the age of client?

A

Yes

94
Q

Does the Team Leader / Case Manager vary depending on the stage of diagnosis and treatment?

A

Yes

95
Q

Does the Team Leader / Case Manager vary depending on the location of service provision?

A

Yes

96
Q

Does the Team Leader / Case Manager vary depending on the needs of individual and family members?

A

Yes

97
Q

What are some factors influencing the impact of hearing loss?

(6)

A

Degree, configuration, & type of hearing loss

Age of onset

Time course or progression

Ability to use residual hearing

Degree of family support

Presence of other conditions

98
Q

More than ______ adults with hearing loss in the USA. That’s about _____ of general population.

A

37 million

8 -10%

99
Q

In the US, more than _____ children are born with HL annually.

____/_____ are born w significant HL. ______% are born deaf. This percent increases with age.

A

12,000

1 to 6 / 1000

1-2%

100
Q

____% of young adults have hearing loss.

A

5%

101
Q

Only ____% adults who need hearing aids actually use them

A

20%

102
Q

Do Individuals Who are Hard-of-Hearing have mild to profound degrees of hearing loss?

A

Yes

103
Q

Can Individuals Who are Hard-of-Hearing use hearing/speechreading as primary receptive mode?

A

Yes

104
Q

Can Individuals Who are Hard-of-Hearing use speech as their primary expressive mode?

A

Yes

105
Q

Do Individuals Who are Hard-of-Hearing demonstrate varied levels of speech intelligibility?

A

Yes

106
Q

Do Individuals Who are Hard-of-Hearing usually demonstrate normal expressive spoken language skills?

A

Yes

107
Q

Do Individuals Who are Hard-of-Hearing demonstrate varied educational needs?

A

Yes

108
Q

Did some Adults with Acquired Hearing Loss lose their hearing after schooling was completed (late teens or older)?

A

Yes

109
Q

Do Adults with Acquired Hearing Loss usually demonstrate normal expressive spoken language skills?

A

Yes

110
Q

Do Adults with Acquired Hearing Loss experience substantial effects on their social, emotional, vocational, and interpersonal communication?

A

Yes

111
Q

Do individuals who are deaf typically have hearing loss >90dB HL?

A

Yes

112
Q

Do individuals who are deaf typically not rely primarily on hearing to understand speech (unless have acquired HL and use cochlear implant)?

A

Yes

113
Q

Do individuals who are deaf typically use visual and/or tactile input as receptive mode?

A

Yes

114
Q

What are some visual and/or tactile communication methods used by deaf individuals?

(3)

A

Speechreading

Sign language/cued speech

Vibrotactile stimulation

115
Q

What are some expressive communication methods used by deaf individuals?

A

Speech approximations

Sign language

116
Q

Do Individuals who are Culturally Deaf identify themselves as members of Deaf culture?

A

Yes

117
Q

Do Individuals who are Culturally Deaf view deafness as an impairment or handicap?

A

No

118
Q

Does Deaf culture has its own language, values, and traditions?

A

Yes

119
Q

Do Individuals who are Culturally Deaf use American Sign Language (ASL)?

A

Yes (In the US and Canada)

120
Q

Do Individuals who are Culturally Deaf attend residential schools for the Deaf (“least restrictive environment”)?

A

Sometimes

121
Q

Do Individuals who are Culturally Deaf use hearing/hearing aids for signal warning or to maintain contact with the auditory environment?

A

Yes

122
Q

Is there are a greater need for AR in children because there are higher survival rate of premature babies?

A

Yes! This creates a higher incidence of hearing impairments

123
Q

Is there are a greater need for AR in children due to early identification and intervention?

A

Yes

124
Q

Is there are a greater need for AR in children due to an earlier age of cochlear implantation resulting in more deaf children in regular ed programs?

A

Yes

125
Q

Does the fact that people are living longer mean that there are more people with HL?

A

Yes

126
Q

Evidence-Based Practice is a clinical decision making based on a review of ______ and ______ of ______.

A

Scientific evidence

Critical examination

Best practices

127
Q

What does EBP stand for?

A

Evidence-Based Practice

128
Q

Does ASU use EBP?

A

Yes

129
Q

What are some variables that factor into choosing what components to include in an AR plan?

(3)

A

Needs and desires of patient

Availability of Services

Cost effectiveness

130
Q

When designing an EBP, the Clinician develops a ______ and ______ to support the choice of treatment.

A

Question

Examines research evidence

131
Q

Should services should not be provided just because “this is what we have always done” or “this is the way we have always done it”? If not, what should happen?

A

The selection of services should be driven by

	Relevant and valid data obtained from 

	Clinically oriented studies
132
Q

Who was the first group to be tested with cochlear implants? Why?

What was the next group chosen?

A

Adults who had lost their hearing as adults. This group was chosen because they have nothing to lose.

Next were adults that had no hearing above 90 dB.

133
Q

What are the 5 steps to an EBP Approach?

A

1 - Ask question

2 - Find best evidence

3 - Critically assess the evidence (Does it apply? What is its level of credibility?)

4 - Integrate evidence, clinical judgment, patient needs/values

5 - Evaluate progress and adjust decision if needed

134
Q

Aural Rehabilitation is ______ and ______.

A

Multifaceted

Multidisciplinary

135
Q

Right Ear

Air Conduction

Unmasked

A

O

136
Q

Left Ear

Air conduction

Unmasked

A

X

137
Q

Right Ear

Air Conduction

Masked

A

△

138
Q

Left Ear

Air Conduction

Masked

A

▢

139
Q

Right Ear

Bone Conduction

Unmasked

A

<

140
Q

Left Ear

Bone Conduction

Unmasked

A

>

141
Q

Right Ear

Bone Conduction

Masked

A

[

142
Q

Left Ear

Bone Conduction

Masked

A

]

Aural Rehab Lectures (8 decks)

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