10 - Leadership

Question 1

management vs leadership

Answer 1

management: set goals + plan + allocate resources + control
leadership: establish direction/vision + communicate goals + seek commitment + inspire/motivate

Question 2

elements of the leadership process

Answer 2

leader
followers
objectives

Question 3

leadership theories

Answer 3

trait theories - focus on personality traits or physical/intelectual characteristics

behavioural theories - focus on specific behaviours

contigency theories - focus on adapting leadership style to each situation

Question 4

leadership traits

Answer 4

drive 
motivation to lead
honesty + integrity
self-confidence
resilience
cognitive ability
knowledge of business

Question 5

charismatic leaders vs inspirational leaders

Answer 5

charismatic: dominant + strong desire to influence + self-confident + strong sense of moral values
inspirational: admit own weaknesses + sense needs of situation + have empathy

Question 6

behavioural theory: Blake & Mouton’s leadership styles

Answer 6

x: concern w/ tasks + results
y: concern w/ people

country club (1.9)
team management style (9.9)
impoverish management style (1.1)
authority style (9.1)
compromise style (5.5)

Question 7

contingency theories

Answer 7

address the importance of context - situational leadership

• fiedler’s contingency model
• hersey & blanchard’s situational model
• LMX theory

Question 8

fiedler’s contingency model

Answer 8

leadership effectiveness depends on:

• relationship b/w leader + members
• extent to which tasks are highly structured
• position power of leader
• LPC: least preferred coworker

assumes:

• task/relationship oriented
• fixed leadership style

Question 9

hersey & blanchard’s situational model

Answer 9

x: task behaviour
y: relationship behaviour

participating (subordinates know how to do it but lack motivation)
- low task, high relationship

selling (subordinates don’t know but are willing to learn)
- high task, high relationship

delegating (subordinates know how to do it and will do it)
- low task, low relationship

telling (subordinates don’t know or don’t have skills)
- high task, low relationship

Question 10

leader member exchange - LMX model

Answer 10

• leader establish special relationship w/ small group of followers (“in-group”)
• “in-group” gets mores exchanges + trust = have higher satisfaction + lower turnover intentions
• relationship w/ out-group. = formal relationship

Question 11

transactional leadership

Answer 11

• motivate performance at expected levels
• initiate structure to clarify roles + tasks
• stress link b/w reward + management

Question 12

transformational leadership

Answer 12

• motivate performance beyond expectations
• inspire for missions beyond self interest
• instill confidence
• idealized influence (clear mission + vision)
• inspirational motivation (meaningful motivation)
• intellectual stimulation (promotes creativity/prob solving)
• individualized consideration (interest in employee’s development)