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PYB202 > 10. INTRODUCTION TO ORGANISTIONAL PSYCHOLOGY > Flashcards

10. INTRODUCTION TO ORGANISTIONAL PSYCHOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 4 different lenses on organisations

A

design lens
cultural lens
political lens
organisational value

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2
Q

what is the design lens of organisation?

A

arrangement and coordination of work tasks and accountability (supervision/reporting)

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3
Q

what is the cultural lens of organisations?

A

habits, typical practices, norms, identities

who reports to who

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4
Q

what is the political lens of organisations?

A

interests, conflicts, competition, coalitions, negotiation

things not captured in an organisational chart

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5
Q

what are organisational values.

A

formal and informal.

Things that are important to them
vision or idea of what it means to be a part of a particular organisation

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6
Q

who causes the most problems in the political lens?

A

the expert in both fields of strategy and technical

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7
Q

what disciplines does organisational psychology draw from?

A

Basic social psychology
Anthropology
behavioural economics
sociology

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8
Q

what is there an increasing recognition of importance of?

A

the social sciences

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9
Q

what is organisational psychology?

A

the scientific study of psychological processes and behaviours of individuals and groups in the workplace

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10
Q

what does organizational psychology typically focus on?

A

large companies

and includes interface between work and other areas of life (e.g. work-life balance)

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11
Q

what is social psychology

A

the scientific study of the effects of social and cognitive processes on the way individuals perceive, influence, and relate to others

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12
Q

what is the theoretical focus of organisational psychology?

A

applied

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13
Q

what is the theoretical focus of social psychology?

A

basic, applied

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14
Q

what are the goals of organisational psychology

A
  • productive/performance

- overcome organsitional problems

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15
Q

what are the goals of social psycology?

A
  • reduce prejudice / discrimination
  • Overcome other social problems
  • basic unerstanding of humans in social contexts
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16
Q

what is the interdisciplinary of organisational psychology

A

relative high

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17
Q

what is the interdisciplinary of social psychology?

A

relatively low

18
Q

define interdisciplinary

A

relating to more than one branch of knowledge

19
Q

what are the 4 main goals of organizational psychology?

A

enhance productivity
increase employee satisfaction and health
manage absenteeism and turnover
address deviant workplace behaviour

20
Q

what is the goal of enhancing productivity

A

higher quality and quality of work output

increase the skills and abilities of employees

21
Q

what is the goal of increasing employee satisfaction and health

A

positive experiences, happiness and well being

22
Q

what is the goal of managing absenteeism and turnover

A

finding ways for employees to engage with and remain in work

finding effective ways to manage turnover when performance is poor

23
Q

what is the goal of addressing deviant workplace behaviour

A

behaviours that threaten workplace functioning

e.g. harassment, bullying, sabotage, theft

24
Q

what are the three elements to increase productivity and improve integration?

A

physical resources
technology / machinery
human resources (people)

25
Q

how do you increase employee productivity

A

money… greater money = greater work
management’s role of finding the best way to do the work
friends - enjoying work

26
Q

what is taylorism?

A

scientific management

27
Q

what are the 4 principles of scientific management?

A

scientific methods of working
scientific selection and training
cooperation between management and workers
equal responsibility

28
Q

what is the scientific methods of working principle of scientific management?

A

work out the scientifically best way of working (now “benchmarking”)
about the job

29
Q

what is the scientific selection and training principle of scientific management?

A

work out the ideal characteristics of people to do task

recruit them and provide them with the optimal skills / knowledge

30
Q

what is the cooperation between management and workers principle of scientific management?

A

management help and support workers to achieve the scientifically optimal behaviours

31
Q

what is the equal responsibility principle of scientific management?

A

previously, performance was mainly the worker’s responsibility
now management has more responsibility in developing and maintaining ideal working patterns / conditions

32
Q

who’s role is it to find the best way to do the work?

A

management

33
Q

what are the hawthorne studies?

A

a range of experiments conducted from 1924-1932 that examined the effect on productivity resulting from light intensity. Later studies examined other working conditions such as rest breaks and working day length

34
Q

what did the hawthorn studies originally examine?

A

the relationship between light intensity and efficiency.

35
Q

what did the hawthorne studies find about light intensity

A

there was no clear relationship with lighting level was discovered

rather productivity increased whenever intensity was CHANGED

36
Q

what is the hawthorne effect?

A

the temporary increment in performance that occurs at the onset of an intervention
performance often returns to pre-intervention levels after some time

37
Q

what was found to increase productivity of the workers in the hawthorne studies?

A

the attention of researchers

38
Q

what are the hawthorne studies historically important in?

A

increasing attention to worker’s psychology:

  • attitudes and emotions about their work
  • the meanings they assign to work
  • relationships and recognition at work
39
Q

what are the classic research questions in organisational psychology?

A
  • Does personality predict job performance?
  • Is a satisfied worker also a productive worker?
  • Does paying a person to do something ultimately reduce his/her intrinsic motivation?
  • Are groups more effective than individuals?
  • Are leaders born, or can anyone trained to become an effective leader?
40
Q

what are the contemporary research questions of organisational psychology?

A
  • How can we manage virtual teams?
  • What are the outcomes of increasing workplace diversity?
  • How can we organise and manage people in a globalised, networked world?
  • How can we manage flexibility in the workplace?
  • How can we help people achieve acceptable work-life balance?

PYB202 (6 decks)

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