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CCNP Enterprise ENCOR 350-401 > 10 - Implementing Network Redundancy > Flashcards

10 - Implementing Network Redundancy Flashcards

1
Q

HSRP: Has one__ and one __ router

A

active, standby

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2
Q

HSRP: Is HSRP Cisco proprietary?

A

Yes

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3
Q

HSRP: By default the group number is _.

A

0

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4
Q

HSRP: With version 1, a group value can be any integer between _ & __.

A

0, 255

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5
Q

HSRP: All routers in HSRP group exchange ___.

A

hellos

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6
Q

HSRP: Default priority is __.

A

100

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7
Q

HSRP: Active and standby routers send hello messages to multicast address ____ udp/___

A

224.0.0.2 / 1985

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8
Q

HSRP: Verify the configuration using the ___ command.

A

show standby

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9
Q

What is the virtual MAC address for HSRPv1?

A

0000.0c07.acXX, where XX is the HSRP group number

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10
Q

____ is a parameter that enables you to choose the active router between HSRP-enabled devices in a group. The higher the ___, the higher the likelihood of becoming the active router

A

priority

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11
Q

What are some features of the active router?

A
  • Responds to default GW ARP requests with the virtual router MAC address
  • Assumes active forwarding of packets
  • Sends hello messages
  • Knows the virtual router IP address
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12
Q

What are some features of the standby router?

A
  • Sends hello messages
  • Listens for periodic hellos
  • Assumes active forwarding if it does not hear from active router
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13
Q

HSRP group numbers are ___ significant

A

locally

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14
Q

Any router in the HSRP group that is not the active or standby is in the __ state.

A

listen

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15
Q

Whilst ARP and ping will use the HSRP virtual mac address, the router will respond to traceroute…

A

.. with its own mac address

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16
Q

Devices with the __ becomes the active router, if group priorities are the same, the device with the __will become active.

A

highest priority, highest IP

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17
Q

The default hello time is _ seconds and holdtime __ seconds, which means the failover time could be as much as _ seconds

A

3, 10, 10

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18
Q

The hold time should be at least _ times hello time

A

3

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19
Q

Hello/ holdtime is specified in seconds unless the __ keyword is used. Both are an integer of 1 to 255 unless __ is used.

A

msec

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20
Q

How do you return the hello/ hold timers to default?

A

No standby {group} timers

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21
Q

What are the 5 states of HSRP state transition?

A
  1. Initial
  2. Listen
  3. Speak
  4. Standby
  5. Active
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22
Q

HSRP state: the state at the start, or after a config change.

A

initial

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23
Q

HSRP state: knows the virtual IP, listens for hello messages

A

listen

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24
Q

HSRP state: router sends periodic hello messages and participates in election of active or standby router

A

speak

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25
Q

HSRP state: candidate to become next active router, sends periodic hellos

A

standby

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26
Q

HSRP state: forwards packets that are send to the group virtual mac address

A

active

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27
Q

Regardless of other router priorities or IP address, an active router will __by default

A

stay active

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28
Q

Re-election will only occur if the active router is ___.

29
Q

By default, the HSRP active router will lose its status only if the following occurs:

A
  • HSRP enabled interface fails

* HSRP router itself fails

30
Q

Other mechanisms to trigger HSRP active router election are as follows:

A
  • HSRP native interface tracking

* Object tracking

31
Q

What is interface tracking?

A

When the active routers priority is automatically decremented when an interface fails.

32
Q

How is inteface tracking configured?

A
  • Configure standby group
  • Configure priority (default 100)
  • Configure pre-emption on all devices within HSRP group
  • Configure the tracked interfaces and decrement (default is 10) – standby 10 track interface 20
33
Q

How is tracking disabled?

A

no standby group track

34
Q

How do you verify the state of tracked interface?

A

Show track track_number

35
Q

How do you verify if tracking is configured?

A

show standby

36
Q

How is load sharing achieved with HSRP?

A

With Multigroup HSRP (MHSRP). Configure the same L3 switch to be both the spanning tree root for a VLAN and HSRP active router.

37
Q

What are the two types of HSRP authentication that can be set?

A

Plaintext and MD5 (preferred)

38
Q

What protocols does HSRP v1 support?

39
Q

What protocols doest HSRP v2 support?

A

IPv4, IPv6

40
Q

What is the group range for HSRP v1?

41
Q

What is the group range for HSRP v2?

42
Q

What is the virtual MAC address of HSRP v1?

A

0000.0c07.acXX

43
Q

What is the virtual MAC address of HSRP v2?

A

0000.0c9f.fXXX

44
Q

What is the multicast address of HSRP v1?

45
Q

What is the multicast address of HSRP v2?

A

224.0.0.102

46
Q

What is the default version of HSRP?

47
Q

How is HSRP v2 enabled?

A

standby X version 2

48
Q

All devices in a HSRP group must have the __ configured otherwise hello messages are not understood

49
Q

What are some features of VRRP?

A
  • Open standard
  • Uses plaintext or MD5 authentication
  • Configuration identical to HSRP
  • Verify using show vrrp command
50
Q

What is the default group number for VRRP?

A

there isn’t one, it must be specified unlike HSRP

51
Q

VRRP: if you use one of the router IP addresses as the virtual IP address, priorities are __ for electing the master.

52
Q

VRRP has ___ enabled by default, compared to HSRP that has __ disabled default.

53
Q

A VRRP group has one __ device and multiple __ devices

A

master, backup

54
Q

VRRP differs from HSRP in that it allows you to use an address of one of the __ VRRP group members as the virtual IP address.

55
Q

The __ is the only device that sends advertisements (analogous to HSRP hellos).

56
Q

Advertisements are sent to the the multicast address ___ with protocol number __.

A

224.0.0.18, 112

57
Q

The default advertisement interval is _ second, and the default hold time is _ seconds

58
Q

The VRRP protocol does not support __ timers, however Cisco devices allow the configuration of __ timers.

A

millisecond

59
Q

When using millisecond values, the master advertisement value that is displayed by the show vrrp command output on the backup routers is always _ second, even though the actual value may differ

60
Q

What are the basic setup steps for VRRP?

A

Interface eth0/1
Ip address x.x.x.x x.x.x.x
Vrrp 1 ip 192.168.1.1
Vrrp 1 priority 110

61
Q

VRRP: how do you configure plain text auth?

A

vrrp group_number authentication text key_string

62
Q

VRRP: how do you configure MD5 auth?

A

vrrp group_number authentication md5 key-string key_string

63
Q

How do you verify VRRP states?

A

show vrrp/ show vrrp brief

64
Q

What are the 3 high availability features?

A
  • RPR
  • RPR+
  • SSO
65
Q

What are the features of RPR?

A 
o	standby module reloads every other module, initialises all supervisor functions
o	Failover time is >2 minutes
66
Q

What are the features of RPR+?

A 
o	standby module finishes initialising without reloading other modules
o	 Failover time is >30 seconds
67
Q

What are the features of SSO?

A 
o	Standby module is already initialised
o	Failover time is > 1 second
68
Q

What is Cisco Nonstop Forwarding?

A
  • Redundancy feature which can be enabled along with SSO
  • NSF is an interactive method that focuses quickly on rebuilding Routing information base (RIB) after supervisor switchover
  • RIB is used to generate the Forwarding information base FIB for Cisco express forwarding which is downloaded to any switch module that can perform CEF
69
Q

What is Nonstop Forward with stateful switchover on Catalyst 9400

A
  • Supports HA with NSF/SSO by allowing redundant supervisor engine to take over if a primary supervisor engine fails
  • Information is continuously synced from active to standby supervisor module
  • When switchover takes place, switchover time is 150ms or less
  • Less than 200 ms of traffic interruption

CCNP Enterprise ENCOR 350-401 (31 decks)

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