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CCNP Enterprise ENCOR 350-401 > 04 - Building Redundancy Switched Topology > Flashcards

04 - Building Redundancy Switched Topology Flashcards

1
Q

This instance of spanning tree is a Cisco enhancement of STP that provides separate 802.1D spanning-tree for each VLAN.

A

PVST+

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2
Q

This instance of spanning tree is the legacy standard, one spanning instance for entire network.

A

IEEE 802.1D STP

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3
Q

This instance of spanning tree maps multiple VLANs into same spanning-tree instance

A

802.1s (MSTP)

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4
Q

This instance of spanning tree improves convergence by adding roles to ports and enhancing BPDU exchanges.

A

802.1w (RSTP)

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5
Q

This instance of spanning tree is a Cisco enhancement of RSTP using PVST+

A

Rapid PVST+

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6
Q

What are the 3 types of BPDUs?

A
  • Configuration BPDUS
  • TCN BPDUs (topology change notification)
  • TCA BPDUs (topology change ack)
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7
Q

How is a root bridge elected?

A

Based on lowest BID (combination of priority and MAC).

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8
Q

What are the fields in a BPDU frame?

A
  • Protocol ID
  • Version
  • Message type
  • Flags
  • Root bridge ID
  • Root path cost
  • Send bridge ID
  • Port ID
  • Message age
  • Maximum age
  • Hello time
  • Forward delay
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9
Q

What are the port roles?

A
  • Root port
  • Designated port
  • Nondesignated port
  • Disabled port
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10
Q

A _____ port will find the best path to the root bridge.

A

root

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11
Q

A ___ port will receive and forward frames toward the root bridge as needed.

A

designated

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12
Q

A ___ port does not forward (blocking)

A

nondesignated

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13
Q

A ____ port is a shutdown port

A

Disabled

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14
Q

What are the classic STP port states?

A
  • Disabled
  • Blocking
  • Listening
  • Learning
  • Forwarding
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15
Q

A classic STP port state of ____ is administratively shut down.

A

Disabled

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16
Q

A classic STP port state of ____ receives BPDUs but cannot receive or transmit data.

A

Blocking

17
Q

A classic STP port state of ____ is listening to see if there is a possibility that it will be selected as root or designated.

A

Listening

18
Q

A classic STP port state of ____ after a time, forward delay in the listening state, the port is moved to ____.

A

Learning

19
Q

A classic STP port state of ____ after another time. Forward delay in the learning state, the port is moved to ____.

A

Forwarding

20
Q

What are the RSTP port states?

A
  • Discarding
  • Learning
  • Forwarding
21
Q

A RSTP port state of ____ prevents the forwarding of data frames, thus “breaking” the continuity of a Layer 2 loop.

A

Discarding

22
Q

A RSTP port state of ____ accepts data frames to populate the MAC table to limit flooding of unknown unicast frames.

A

Learning

23
Q

Spanning tree can be set in increments of …

A

4096

24
Q

Default priority is ____ + VLAN number

A

32768

25
Q

How do you change the switch priority?

A
  • spanning-tree vlan vlan-id priority bridge-priority

* spanning-tree vlan vlan-id root primary

26
Q

How do you debug spanning-tree?

A

debug spanning-tree events

27
Q

What are the link types?

A

point to point & shared

28
Q

MST information is conveyed with ___ BPDU regardless of the number of internal instances. Individual instances do not send individual BPDUs

A

one

29
Q

What type of port should be configured between switches when using MST?

A

Trunk with no pruning

30
Q

What is pruning?

A

Getting rid of unwanted VLANs

31
Q

This is a Cisco enhancement of STP that allows a switchport to be in forwarding much faster than a switchport in normal STP mode.
• Immediate transition to forwarding state
• Configured only on access ports

A

PortFast

32
Q
  • If BPDU is received, it shuts down the port

* Usually used in combination of PortFast

A

BPDU guard

33
Q

How do you configure BPDUguard and portfast on an interface?

A

SwitchX(config)# interface FastEthernet0/1
SwitchX(config-if)# spanning-tree portfast
SwitchX(config-if)# spanning-tree bpduguard enable

34
Q

How do you enable PortFast on all nontrunking interfaces and enable BPDU guard globally for all PortFast-enabled ports?

A

SwitchX(config)# spanning-tree portfast bpduguard default

SwitchX(config)# spanning-tree portfast default

35
Q

How long does it take standard STP without portfast configured to progress from blocked to forwarding?

A

50 seconds

CCNP Enterprise ENCOR 350-401 (31 decks)

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