10: Helping Others Flashcards
to give or provide what is necessary to accomplish a task or satisfy a need
Helping
a motive to increase another’s welfare without conscious regard for one’s self-interests.
Altruism
predicts that animals are more likely to behave altruistically towards their relatives than towards unrelated members of their species (he closer the relationship, the greater the altruism will be).
Kin selection theory
-helping in confines of mutually beneficial long-term relationships
-We often help others with an implicit expectation of getting help back (see Trivers, 1971).
Reciprocal altruism
-based on feelings for others
-if someone feels empathy towards another person, they will help them, regardless of what they can gain from it
Empathy-altruism hypothesis
the ability to understand and share the feelings of another.
Empathy
states that altruism does not exist unless benefits to the helper outweigh the costs.
Social exchange theory
individuals are less likely to offer help to a victim when there are other people present.
Bystander effect
a person looked to by others as an example to be imitated.
Role model
are informal understandings that govern the behavior of members of a society (prescribes what we ought to behave).
Social norms
term used to describe a behavior characterized by acts with no apparent benefits for the individual who performs them but that are beneficial to other individuals.
Altruism
People are more likely to help someone in need if they think the person shouldn’t be held responsible for his or her predicament.
Attributions of responsibility
People in a ________ feel mutual responsibility for each other’s needs.
giving his or her romantic partner a compliment
a. Communal relationship
b. Exchange relationship
Communal relationship
People in _________ give help with the expectation of receiving comparable benefits in return.
a. Communal relationship
b. Exchange relationship
Exchange relationship
motivated by the desire to increase one’s own welfare
Egoistic
