10 effects of neoplasm expansion

Question 1

How does cancer cause infection ?

Answer 1

• Infections common in malignancy
• Blocked lymphatics
• Impaired innate defenses
• Impaired innate defenses such as retained secretions
• Impaired immune function/homeostasis
• Iatrogenic defective immune response
• Consideration of what vaccines can be given
• Dormant infection (e.g., CMV/JC in transplant, VZV immunity)

Question 2

Why are infections common in individuals with malignancy?

Answer 2

due to factors such as compromised immune function, blocked tubes (e.g., bronchus, ureter), blocked lymphatics, and impaired innate defenses like retained secretion

Question 3

How do blocked tubes contribute to infection risk in cancer patients?

Answer 3

it can obstruct normal drainage pathways, leading to the buildup of fluids and increased susceptibility to infections.

Question 4

What role does impaired innate defenses (e.g. difficulty clearing secretions) play in infection susceptibility among cancer patients?

Answer 4

allows pathogens to proliferate unchecked.

Question 5

How can the expansion of malignant clones (e.g., ALL, CLL) increase infection risk?

Answer 5

can suppress normal immune function, making patients more vulnerable to infections

Question 6

What are examples of iatrogenic effects related to infection risk in cancer treatment?

Answer 6

Chemotherapy and other cancer treatments

Question 7

How can iatrogenic defects in immune response affect infection susceptibility in cancer patients?

Answer 7

can weaken the body’s ability to fight infections

Question 8

Which vaccines should be considered for cancer patients?

Answer 8

influenza (flu), pneumococcal vaccines (for pneumonia), and hepatitis B vaccine (if not previously vaccinated)

specific recommendations may vary based on the individual’s cancer type, treatment plan, and overall health status.