10: Clinical Case Discussion – Cancer Flashcards
Trastuzumab is a monoclonal antibody against the ______ receptor.
Trastuzumab is a monoclonal antibody against the HER 2 receptor.
Capecitabine is an ______ prodrug converted to 5-Flourouracil which inhibits ______ which blocks DNA synthesis.
Capecitabine is an antimetabolite prodrug converted to 5-Flourouracil which inhibits thymidilate synthase which blocks DNA synthesis.
Gemcitabine is an ______ that inhibits ______ polymerase & ______ reductase.
Gemcitabine is an antimetabolite that inhibits DNA polymerase & ribonucleotide reductase.
Carboplatin is an ______ agent.
Carboplatin is an alkylating agent.
Vinorelbine is a ______ inhibitor.
Vinorelbine is a tubulin inhibitor.
Cyclophosphamide is an ______ agent.
Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating agent.
Doxorubicin is a ______ inhibitor.
Doxorubicin is a topoisomerase II inhibitor.
Paclitaxel & Docetaxel are ______ inhibitors.
Paclitaxel & Docetaxel are tubulin inhibitors.
Lapatinib is a tyrosine ______ inhibitor.
Lapatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor.
ado-trastuzumab/ emtansine is composed of a trastuzumab ______ antibody and an emtansine ______ inhibitor.
ado-trastuzumab/ emtansine is composed of a trastuzumab monoclonal antibody and an emtansine tubulin inhibitor.
If a patient begins suffering from tingling in the fingers and toes after starting chemotherapy, what type of drug is causing it?
Tubulin inhibitors like Paclitaxel, Docetaxel, & Vinorelbine cause peripheral neuropathy.
Paclitaxel is most common tubulin inhibitor that gives peripheral neuropathy.
Capecitabine has a ______ half life so it is given morning and night ______ instead of IV for 1 - 2 weeks in a row.
Capecitabine has a short half life so it is given morning and night orally instead of IV for 1 - 2 weeks in a row.
Dypsnea in chemotherapy patients can be due to many causes like: ______ (low O2 content), coughing, fever, mucous production, immuno ______, ______ can cause cough, anxiety induced.
Dypsnea in chemotherapy patients can be due to many causes like: anemia (low O2 content), coughing, fever, mucous production, immunosupression, drugs can cause cough, anxiety induced.
Some causes for diarrhea in chemotherapy patients include ______ (inflammation if GI mucous membranes) & the side effects of ______.
Some causes for diarrhea in chemotherapy patients include mucocitis (inflammation if GI mucous membranes) & the side effects of drugs.
After starting chemotherapy, in order to sort out what symptoms are due to drug toxicity or not we would give the patient a trial time ______ the drug or give a ______ dose. Most importantly, we would take a good history.
After starting chemotherapy, in order to sort out what symptoms are due to drug toxicity or not we would give the patient a trial time without the drug or give a smaller dose. Most importantly, we would take a good history.
In order to prevent neutropenia and lessen the risk of infection in chemotherapy patients we give them ______ pharmacologically. Also, we ask them to avoid people with infections.
In order to prevent neutropenia and lessen the risk of infection in chemotherapy patients we give them granulocyte colony stimulating factor pharmacologically. Also, we ask them to avoid people with infections.
______ therapy from the start is better than single agent administration chemotherapy because we are giving many drugs that have different mechanisms and kill the most cancer cells as possible.
Combination therapy from the start is better than single agent administration chemotherapy because we are giving many drugs that have different mechanisms and kill the most cancer cells as possible.
Chemotherapy outcomes are better with ______ treatment, in other words, going off treatment or “taking a break” gives the cancer a chance to come ______.
Chemotherapy outcomes are better with continuous treatment, in other words, going off treatment or “taking a break” gives the cancer a chance to come back.
Concerning chemotherapy treatment, you do what the patient wants, but you try to have them continue as ______ as possible. You can give them short breaks like on holidays or during the summer to keep their spirits up.
Concerning chemotherapy treatment, you do what the patient wants, but you try to have them continue as long as possible. You can give them short breaks like on holidays or during the summer to keep their spirits up.
Cancer may spread to the CNS although a patient’s systemic disease may be stable because the ______ ______ ______ does not allow the drugs acting in the systemic compartment to enter the CNS.
Cancer may spread to the CNS although a patient’s systemic disease may be stable because the blood brain barrier does not allow the drugs acting in the systemic compartment to enter the CNS.
Breast cancer has a 2 yr survival, but treatment can ______ survival time (life) significantly.
Breast cancer has a 2 yr survival, but treatment can extend survival time (life) significantly.
Bleomycin is an antitumor ______.
Bleomycin is an antitumor antibiotic.
Etopside is a ______ inhibitor.
Etopside is a topoisomerase II inhibitor.
Cisplatin is an ______ agent.
Cisplatin is an alkylating agent.
What are the side effects of bleomycin?
What do we tell the patient to stop doing?
Pulmonary fibrosis
We tell the patient to stop smoking!
What are the side effects of etopside?
Leukemia, AML
What are the side effects of Cisplatin?
Nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, neuropathy, increased risk of stroke, coronary artery disease.
Note that sperm production may come back in 80% of testicular cancer patients that were treated with chemo.
