10. Changes In Pronunciation+Spelling

Question 1

In ____ spelling is phonetic

Answer 1

Finnish and Hungarian

Question 2

Silent letters ____ (are/are not) frequent in English spelling

Answer 2

Are

Question 3

Pronunciation changes are relatively?

Answer 3

Frequent and sometimes drastic

Question 4

Spelling remains?

Answer 4

Fairly stable

Question 5

Spelling often reflects _____?

Answer 5

Etymology or obsolete pronunciations

Question 6

Attempts have been made to?

Answer 6

Standardize English spelling

Question 7

Spelling probably never correspond exactly to?

Answer 7

Pronunciation

Question 8

Pronunciation changes, systematic or arbitrary, can affect?

Answer 8

One word or many

Question 9

Pronunciation changes are?

Answer 9

Inevitable in any language

Question 10

New dialects will form when?

Answer 10

Two groups separated by distance or social status

Question 11

Dialects can become so different from original language and each other that?

Answer 11

They can be considered different languages

Question 12

Speakers of the language that became German?

Answer 12

Migrated from speakers of north European language about 800 B.C.

Question 13

___ changes set Germanic apart from other indo-European languages

Answer 13

Pronunciation

Question 14

Reasons for Germanic consonant shift?

Answer 14

We can only speculate reasons

May have been ease of pronunciation

Question 15

Modern German has a guttural ___ similar to the Greek ___

Answer 15

H, chi

Question 16

Spelling has changed but retains traces of former pronunciation

Answer 16

Knight and drought

Question 17

Introduction of___ words into English brought the letter___ with it, previously represented in ___ by letter c

Answer 17

Norman-French, k, Anglo-Saxon

Question 18

Dialect

Answer 18

A variety of speech peculiar to a particular region or social group (social dialect)

Question 19

German Consonant Shift

Answer 19

A change in the pronunciation of Germanic consonant sounds occurring in about 800 b.c.

Question 20

Runic symbols

Answer 20

Symbols from an old Germanic alphabet of twenty-four characters called runes

Question 21

Orthography

Answer 21

A system of spelling

Question 22

Guttural

Answer 22

Pronounced in the throat

Question 23

Phonetic

Answer 23

One letter or symbol corresponding to one sound