10 BIOTECHNOLOGY

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Question 31

what is DNA sequencing?

Answer 31

determination of the precise order of nucleotides in a sample of DNA

Question 32

how is DNA synthesised?

Answer 32

from 4 nucleotides, each with different nitrogenous base - adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine

Question 33

why are nucleotides commonly called deoxynucleotide triphosphate

Answer 33

consist of three phosphate groups joined to the sugar deoxyribose with its base

Question 34

what happens with DNA forms?

Answer 34

• each nucleotide loses two phosphate groups
• the sugar molecule loses a hydrogen atom from the hydroxy group (OH) when it bonds to the phosphate group of an adjacent nucleotide