10 22 2014 CBT- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Question 1

What are the 3 major theories for learning?

Answer 1

1. Classical Conditioning
2. Operant Conditioning
3. Social Learning theory

Question 2

Describe Classical Conditioning (very general definition please)

Answer 2

learning based on associations.

Pavlov’s experiments: Bell = salivation

Question 3

What are the ways that classical conditioning is used to treat patients with a depression or phobias?

Answer 3

1. Exposure: repeated exposure to situation that causes anxiety in hopes of decreasing anxiety
2. Systematic Desensitization: repeat exposure to situation that causes anxiety ALONG WITH teaching patients how to relax while under this situation
3. Aversive conditioning: pair an unpleasant experience to a negative behavior

Question 4

Operant Conditioning (general)

Answer 4

Learning through consequences

Question 5

What are the overall two mechanisms of Operant Conditioning?

Answer 5

• Reinforcement: strengthens and increases a behavior

- Punishment: weakens or decreases a behavior

Question 6

Positive Reinforcement

Answer 6

(Operant conditioning)

introduce a reward for good behavior
child gets a cookie if she cleans up her room

Question 7

Negative Reinforcement

Answer 7

(Operant conditioning)

take away an adverse stimulus

• mother stops yelling at child to clean up room
• Psychiatric Drugs: anti-depressants take away feelings of depression

Question 8

Positive punishment

Answer 8

add an undesirable stimulus following unwanted behavior

• Scolding child for not picking up toys
• Disulfram to alcoholics

Question 9

Negative punishment

Answer 9

take away a valued stimulus

-grounded, loss of TV privileges

Question 10

3 types of treatment using Operational Conditioning

Answer 10

1. Behavioral Activation for Depression
   - Positive Reinforcement: reconnect with activities that bring joy to patient
2. Relaxation training
   
   • Negative Reinforcement: teach relaxation technique to remove tension
3. Skills training
   
   • negative reinforcement: teach skills to situation that is causing tension : ex. how to be assertive, how to maintain a conversation… etc.

Question 11

Social learning theory

Answer 11

combination of association, consequences and thought process

Observational learning

Not all “learned” behavior is performed

Question 12

What factors are involved in observational learning?

Answer 12

(social learning theory)

- attention, retention, memory, performance, reinforcement

Question 13

What are some ways that we have seen social learning theory in the real world?

Answer 13

• domestic violence, socialization, fashion trends

- solving problems, coping, social skills training