10 13 2014 Meningitis

Question 1

Organisms that cause bacterial meningities

Answer 1

1. streptococcus pneumonia
   - Adults and young children
2. Neisseria meningitides
   - children/ adolescents/ young adults
   - produces IgA protease and escapes phagocytosis
3. Group B hemolytic streptococcus
   - neonates

Question 2

Clinical Presentation of Bacterial meningitis

1. Adults:
   Symptoms
   2 tests
2. Children

Answer 2

fever, headache, stiff neck, n/v, photophobia, lethargy, petechiae/ purpura

• Brudzinski ( flex neck and knee comes up)
• Kernic ( flex hip and arches up in pain)

2. Children
   - bulging around fontanelle
   - poor feeding, increased sleeping, decreased urine output, irritability, v/d

Question 3

Laboratory results for bacterial meningitis of CSF

Answer 3

Low glucose, high protein
> 500 WBC ( if early may not show this yet)
Spinal Fluid shoots out

Question 4

What is common cause of viral meningitis

Answer 4

Enterovirus – seasonal: summer –> fall

Question 5

What are clinical signs of viral meningitis

Answer 5

fever, headache stiff neck

• altered mental status – concurrent with encephalitis
• Rashes

Question 6

laboratory results of CSF in viral meningitis?

Answer 6

normal glucose, elevated protein, WBC < 1000 cells