1-uWorld Flashcards
euthyroid sick syndrome has
-TSH
-FT4
-T3
-normal
-normal
-decreased
secondary prevention vs primary in terms of statin
Secondary is after MI/Stroke
Primary is if 40y w/ DM or LDL>90 or 10y risk
what does spironolactone do to testosterone
- increases conversion testosterne-> estrogen
- increases testosterone clearance
- decr testosterone production
what is a good substitute for spironolactone in men who develop gynecomastia? why?
epleronone
mores specific than spironolactone and has fewer endocrine effects
tx myxedema coma
iv T3 T4
iv steroids (bcs adrenal insuff may coexist)
clinical presentation myxedema coma
brady
hypothermia
decr RR
puffy face, tongue
altered lethargic
what can trigger myxedema coma
meds ie opioids
infection/acute illness
what is the first electrolyte drop after thyroidectomy?
what can it cause to happen?
hypocalcemia
Laryngospasm
metabolic alkalosis with Urine chloride <20 means
(why is the urine chloride low?)
diuretic overuse (CHRONIC)
vomiting
(kidney’s trying to correct by re-absorbing chloride in a volume depleted situation…
therefore very saline resonsive)
metabolic alkalosis with Urine chloride >20 means
Hypervolemic:
- Cushing
- Hyperaldosterone/conn’s
Hypovolemic:
- barter gittleman
-diuretic overuse (ACUTE)
urine chloride >20 in a patietn with metabolic alkalosis, means AKA ____
saline un-responsive alkalosis
type I DM is associated with these abs _____ and _____
anti islet cell
anti glutamic acid decarboxylase
glucocorticoid does ____ in thyroid storm
decrease conversion of T4->T3
triggers of thyroid storm
trauma ie surgery
infection
acute iodine load
Beta Blocker does ____ in thyroid storm
decrease adrenergic manifestation
in hypercalcemia, ELEVATED
1: 25hydroxyvitamin-D indicates ___
2: 1,25diHydroxyvit-D indicates ___
1: Vit D toxicity
2: granulomatous dz ie sarcoid/lymphoma
thyroid, cold nodule >___ has indication of FNA
> 1cm
characteristics seen on u/s of high risk thyroid nodule
HYPOechoic
increased vascularity
microcalcifications
irregular or indistinct margins
_____ involves pre-formed thyroid hormone release
whereas _____ involves excess thyroid hormone formation
painless thyroidistis
Grave’s
in Klienfelter’s, testes are ___, malignancy risk of ___ happens, genotype is ___
firm and small
Breast cancer
XXY
in a Male patient taking anabolic steroid abusing, levels of
FSH ___
LH ___
Testosterone ____
Hg ___
Cholesterol ___
Prostate at risk of ____
clinical signs: ____
Low
Low
Low
High
Low HDL, high LDL
cancer or BPH
testicular atrophy, gynecomastia,acne
in pituitary incidentaloma, ___ size requires f/u in 12mo with another MRI
whereas ____ size requires surgery (after hormone testing for overproduction)
5-9mm
> 10mm
overnigh dexameth suppression test is negative if ___
cortisol <2 after 1mg dexam given at 11PM night before
