1- Types of wound contamination and minimising surgical infections Flashcards

1
Q

define bacterial infection

A

Bacterial infection is defined as having more than 10(to the power of 5) bacteria per gram of tissue

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2
Q

Define SSI (surgical site infection)

A

Infections of the tissues, organs or spaces exposed by surgeons during performance of an invasive procedure

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3
Q

Name the 4 classifications of surgical wounds

A
  • Clean
  • Clean contaminated
  • Contaminated
  • Dirty
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4
Q

Describe a clean wound

A

Non traumatic, non inflames operative wounds in which the respiratory, gastrointestinal, genitourinary and oropharyngeal tracts are not entered

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5
Q

Describe a clean contaminated wound

A

Operative wounds in which the respiratory, gastrointestinal or genitourinary tract are entered but under controlled conditions without unusual contamination
- an otherwise clean wound in which a drain is placed

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6
Q

Describe a contaminated wound

A
  • Open, fresh, accidental wounds
  • procedures which GI contents or infected urine is spilled or a major break in aseptic technique occurs
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7
Q

Describe a dirty wound

A
  • Old traumatic wounds with purulent discharge, devitalised tissue or foreign bodies
  • Procedures in which a viscous is perforated or faecal contamination occurs
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8
Q

Host factors that can affect incidence of infections

A

Age
Physical condition- e.g. malnourishment
Nutritional status
Diagnostic procedures- placing catheters can increase risk
Concurrent metabolic disorders- e.g. Cushing’s
Current medication- can delay wound healing and make it more likely that infections can occur

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9
Q

Rationale use of antibiotics

A

surgery time longer than 90 mins
prosthesis implantation
patients with a pre-existing prosthesis
Severely infected or traumatised wounds

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