1. The fundamentals of Spectroscopy

Question 1

describe what beers law is - what it shows

Answer 1

beers law is A = ElC

this shows that the absorbance of a material sample is directly proportional to the concentrations of the sample

Question 2

what are the 5 assumptions of beers law?

Answer 2

1. the seperate compartments must act independently
2. samples must be homogenous
3. the sample cannot scatter radiation
4. the incident radiation must have parallel rays
5. need to be a monochromatic light

Question 3

what 4 types of energy levels do molecules have?

Answer 3

rotational
vibrational
electronic
degrees of freedom

Question 4

what does bolzmanns distribution show?

Answer 4

the number of atoms or molecules in excited states at thermal equilibrium

Question 5

what is the selection rule? what are the two they obey by?

Answer 5

conservation of electron spin. they obey the rules of:

• have intense spectral features
• can occur rapidly