1- physiology taste & smell Flashcards
what are cells in lining of nose that lead to taste & smell?
chemoreceptors
what are taste buds made up of? where are they?
sensory receptor cells & supporter cells (arranged like orange peel)
- taste buds in tongue, palette epiglottis, pharynx but most in papillae in tongue
what are the 4 papillae on tongue and which have taste buds?
- filiform
- fungiform
- vallate
- foliate
- all but filiform have taste buds
what nerve supplies anterior 2/3 of tongue?
CN VII, chorda tympani branch of facial nerve = supplies special sensory
CNV3 = supplies sensory
what nerve supplies posterior 1/3 of tongue?
CN IX (glossopharyngeal)
what nerve supplies epiglottis & pharynx? (sensory supply and motor supply)
CN X (vagus) supplies motor
CN IX (glossopharyngeal) supplies sensory
what is word for loss of taste function, reduced taste and distorted taste?
ageusia = loss
hypogeusia = reduced
dysgeusia = distorted
what are the main 2 nerves involved in smell?
CN I (olfactory) = mediates odours like chocolate, vanilla etc
CN V = trigeminal, mediates irritation like burning, cooling - protective like cough, sneeze etc
what is pathway of smelling?
big sniff draws air up to nasal cavity to cribriform plate, mucous helps moisten & protect to allow diffuse from olfactory cleft to olfactory bulb where synapse and converts to neural signal which sent to temporal lobe & olfactory areas of brain
what is neuro-olfactory epithelium?
= it’s pseudostratified columnar epithelium that helps transmitting signal of smell (before olfactory bulb) so it’s still chemical energy, has bowman’s glands which secrete mucous & basal cells (stem cells of olfactory cells)
what is words for loss of, reduced and distorted smell?
anosmia = loss
hyposmia = reduced
dysmosmia = distorted
what is phantosmia?
smell perceived in absence of stimulus
what is UPSIT test?
scratch & sniff = smell test
