1. Osteology, Chondrology, Arthrology (Olinger)

Question 1

What are the three types of deep fascia of the neck?

Answer 1

Investing layer of deep cervical fascia.

Pretracheal layer of deep cervical fascia.

Prevertebral layer of deep cervical fascia.

Question 2

Name the following ligaments the cricotracheal joint.

Answer 2

Question 3

Infection between the investing layer of deep cervical fascia and the muscular part of the pretracheal layer of deep cervical fascia will typically exhibit what behavior?

Answer 3

The infection will typically be unable to spread past the manubrium.

Question 4

Name the following thyroid cartilages.

Answer 4

Question 5

Name the following ligaments of the cricothyroid joint.

Answer 5

Question 6

What does the rima glottidis look like during normal respiration, forced respiration, phonation, and whispering?

Answer 6

Question 7

Name the following bone markings.

Answer 7

Question 8

Name the following ligaments of the epiglottic joint.

Answer 8

Question 9

What kind of joint is the atlantoaxial joint?

Answer 9

Compound synovial.

Question 10

What muscles can be involved in thoracic outlet syndrome?

Answer 10

Subclavius M.

Anterior, middle, and posterior scalene Ms.

Question 11

What are the consequences of fractures of the laryngeal cartilages?

Answer 11

CN: Fractures of the Laryngeal Cartilages: Typically a result of a blow to the anterior neck in sports or compression by a seat belt in a motor vehicle accident. Results in a submucosal hemorrhage and edema, respiratory obstruction, hoarseness and in worst cases a temporary inability to speak.

Question 12

Which vertebra is this?

Identify the bone markings.

Answer 12

Question 13

Name following structures of the fibroelastic laryngeal membrane.

Answer 13

Question 14

Name the following bone markings.

Answer 14

Question 15

What ligaments do the anterior longitudinal ligament, posterior longitudinal ligament, and ligamentum flavum change into when they reach the occiput?

Answer 15

Anterior longitudinal ligament -> anterior atlantooccipital ligament.

Posterior longitudinal ligament -> tectorial membrane.

Ligamentum flavum -> posterior atlantooccipital ligament.

Question 16

Name the following ligaments of the median atlantoaxial joint.

Answer 16

(Don’t forget the apical ligament of the dens attaching to the superficial margin of the alar ligaments beneath the superior longitudinal band.)

Question 17

Name the following ligaments of the atlantooccipital joint.

Answer 17

Question 18

Infection between the investing layer of the deep cervical fascia and the visceral part of the pretracheal layer of the deep cervical fascia will typically exhibit what behavior?

Answer 18

The infection in that area is likely to spread to the anterior thorax.

Question 19

Name the following laryngeal cartilages.

Answer 19

Question 20

Name the following cricoid cartilages.

Answer 20

Question 21

Which of the laryngeal cartilages are elastic cartilage?

What are the rest made of?

Answer 21

The epiglottic cartilage is elastic.

The rest are hyaline.

Question 22

What speck of cartilage can be found within the quadrangular ligament?

Answer 22

The cuneiform cartilage.

Question 23

Name the following arytenoid cartilages.

Answer 23

Question 24

Name the following pharyngeal ligaments.

Answer 24

Question 25

What all joints are made of the laryngeal cartilages?

Answer 25

The thyrohyoid joint.

The cricothyroid joint.

The cricoarytenoid joint.

The epiglottic joint.

The cricotracheal joint.

Question 26

Infection of the retropharyngeal space is likely to exhibit what behavior?

Answer 26

It is likely to swell, affecting swallowing and speech, and may spread to the thorax.

Question 27

Name the following epiglottic cartilages.

Answer 27

Question 28

What is the typical cause and result of a fracture of the hyoid bone?

Answer 28

Typically a result of strangulation by compression of the throat. Results in depression of the Hyoid onto the Thyroid Cartilage. This results in difficulty swallowing and maintaining the separation of the alimentary and respiratory tracts.

Question 29

Name the following structures of the larynx.

Answer 29

Question 30

Name the following membranes and ligaments.

Answer 30

Question 31

Name the following ligaments of the cervical vertebral joints.

Answer 31

Question 32

Name the following bone markings

Answer 32

Did you remember “of the temporal bone?”

Question 33

Name the following fascias of the neck.

Answer 33

Question 34

Name the following ligaments of the cricoarytenoid joint.

Answer 34

Question 35

Name the following fascias of the neck.

Answer 35

Question 36

What structures can become compressed in thoracic outlet syndrome?

Answer 36

The brachial plexus.

The subclavian artery.

The subclavian vein.

Question 37

Identify the following bone markings.

Answer 37

Question 38

What are the consequences of the fractures of the hyoid bone?

Answer 38

Fractures of the Hyoid B.: Typically a result of strangulation by compression of the throat. Results in depression of the Hyoid onto the Thyroid Cartilage. This results in difficulty swallowing and maintaining the separation of the alimentary and respiratory tracts.