1: Introduction

Question 1

membranous organelles

Answer 1

mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, peroxisomes, lysosomes

Question 2

non-membranous organelles

Answer 2

ribosomes, cytoskeleton, centrioles

Question 3

Rough ER

Answer 3

site of synthesis of proteins that will be secreted from cell

Question 4

Smooth ER

Answer 4

involved in synthesis of lipids (steroids), metabolism of lipid-soluble substances, and regulates the concentration of calcium in all cells

Question 5

Golgi apparatus

Answer 5

transport vesicles from rough ER

Question 6

What 3 different pathways may the golgi apparatus transport a vesicle?

Answer 6

1. to be secreted by exocytosis
2. to be incorporated into the plasma membrane
3. to a phagosome

Question 7

Peroxisomes

Answer 7

membranous sacs containing powerful detoxifying substances that neutralize toxins; also play a role in fatty acid synthesis

Question 8

Lysosomes

Answer 8

membrane-bound sacs containing digestive enzymes

Question 9

3 types of cytoskeleton

Answer 9

1. microfilaments
2. intermediate filaments
3. microtubules

Question 10

What makes up centrosomes?

Answer 10

microtubules

Question 11

3 parts of a nucleus

Answer 11

1. nuclear envelope
2. nucleoli
3. chromatin

Question 12

Nuclear envelope is a ____ layer

Answer 12

double

Question 13

2 major periods of cell cycle

Answer 13

interphase and cell division (mitotic phase)

Question 14

3 sub-phases of interphase

Answer 14

G1, S, and G2

Question 15

G1

Answer 15

gap 1: vigorous growth and metabolism

Question 16

S (synthetic)

Answer 16

DNA replication occurs

Question 17

G2: gap 2

Answer 17

preparation for division

Question 18

Stages of mitosis

Answer 18

1. interphase
2. prophase
3. metaphase
4. anaphase
5. telophase

Question 19

Cell growth checkpoint

Answer 19

occurs towards the end of G1 and checks if cell is big enough for synthesis, if not it goes into resting period (GO)

Question 20

DNA synthesis checkpoint

Answer 20

occurs during S phase and checks is DNA has been replicated correctly

Question 21

Mitosis checkpoint

Answer 21

occurs during the M (Mitosis) phase, checks if mitosis is complete and then cell divides