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RT L1 > 1: Intro > Flashcards

1: Intro Flashcards

1
Q

What is ISO 9712?

A

Established in 1992, this is considered the international standard for certification and qualification of NDT personnel around the world.

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2
Q

In Canada, the CGSB’s NDT Certifying Board (NCB) has adopted the ISO 9712 as what?

A

CAN/CGSB 48.9712

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3
Q

How are certification requirements established?

A

Through recommended practices/standards based on the ISO 9712 standard for certification AND identified in CAN/CGSB 48.9712 standard for qualification and certification of NDT personnel in Canada.

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4
Q

Who is in charge of development and grading of all written and practical NDT examinations conducted at approved exam centres (AEC’s) and special test centres?

A

NRCan

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5
Q

The level of certification required for a given task is determined by what?

A

Codes, contracts, specifications, etc.

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6
Q

Name a few duties that an RT L1 MUST be able to perform:

A
  1. Create and use a radiographic exposure curve (X-ray and gamma)
  2. Perform radiographic exams to specific written instructions/techniques
  3. Recording/reporting specific results
  4. Familiar with testing techniques based on theory
  5. General knowledge of film processing/storage
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7
Q

Name a few duties a RT L2 must be able to perform:

A
  1. Interpret results to codes, specifications, technical drawings, written procedures.
  2. Determine capabilities/limitations of a particular method.
  3. Skilled in reporting test results.
  4. Skilled in establishing/applying detailed techniques.
  5. Extensive knowledge of film processing/storage.
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8
Q

Name a few duties a RT L3 must be able to perform:

A
  1. Subject matter EXPERT of radiography method.
  2. Can establish correct techniques and procedures.
  3. Extensive knowledge of interpreting specifications/codes to determine correct methods and techniques.
  4. Extensive knowledge of all manufacturing methods pertaining to NDT.
  5. Capable of establishing training/certification programs.
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9
Q

What are the required vocational hours of class room training for each level?

A

L1 - 40 hours
L2 - 80 hours
L3 - 40 hours

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10
Q

Who established and produced the SNT-TC-1A?

A

American Society of Nondestructive Testing (ASNT)

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11
Q

What is ASNT/ANSI - CP189?

A

Similar to SNT-TC-1A, difference includes development of procedures for qualification/certification of personnel written by employer.

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12
Q

The examiner/issuer of certification/qualification to employees must hold a what?

A

ASNT L3 in applicable method(s) as required by employer.

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13
Q

Who uses NAS-410?

A

Almost exclusively aerospace companies/supplies PLUS military agencies/contractors.

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14
Q

What was NAS-410 formally known as?

A

MILSTD-410

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15
Q

What does PCN stand for?

A

Personnel Certification in Nondestructive Testing

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16
Q

The PCN is a British/European standard that was adopted by who? Utilizing what?

A

Adopted by the European Economic Collation utilizing the EN-473 standard.

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17
Q

The PCN is similar to what other standard? And what’s the difference?

A

Similar and compliant with ISO 9712, difference being that methods can be sectors with increased minimum requirements.

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18
Q

What are the units used to measure the intensity of radiation from any given source?

A

Roentgen/Sieverts per hour

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19
Q

What are the units for dose equivalency?

A

RBE & Q

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20
Q

What measures the activity of a radioactive source?

A

Becquerels

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21
Q

The federal government organization that provides certification for radiographers and other NDT personnel in Canada is who?

A

Canadian General Standards Board (CGSB)

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22
Q

Who can be credited for the discovery of X-rays?

A

Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen

23
Q

What type of radiation produces the best radiograph?

A

The lowest possible

24
Q

What is the objective of radiography?

A

Ensure product reliability

25
Q

What activity reduces, what happens to exposure time?

A

It gets longer

26
Q

What unit is used to measure energy?

A

Electron volt

27
Q

What 4 factors does your choice of energy depend on?

A
  1. Code
  2. Material type
  3. Density
  4. Thickness
28
Q

What type of TV is x ray similar to in quality?

A

Ultra HD

29
Q

What type of TV would gamma be related to?

A

A tube style TV

30
Q

Exposure is the radiation where?

A

IN AIR

31
Q

Dose is a measure of radiation where?

A

Deposited in matter

32
Q

What are the 2 units of dose?

A

RAD (CGS) and Gray (SI)

33
Q

What is an Erg?

A

Unit of work

34
Q

What are the weighing factor units?

A

RBE (CGS) and Q (SI)

35
Q

What is the weighing factor of an Alpha particle?

A

20

36
Q

What is the weighing factor of a X-ray/Gamma/Beta particle?

A

One

37
Q

What is the weighing factor for a neutron (with energy greater than 10 kV)?

A

10

38
Q

What are the units for equivalent dose?

A

REM (CGS) and Sv (SI)

39
Q

What do you convert a sievert to a rem?

A

Multiply by 100

1 Sv = 100 rem

40
Q

Who would be considered a non-NEW?

A

Anyone working/being around people using a source (ex. Welders, transport, etc.)

41
Q

What are logs/anti-logs used for?

A

To correct exposure charts or use film characteristic curves to correct exposure times.

42
Q

What do mAm, antilog and kilo-voltage represent?

A 
mAm = exposure time
antilog = exposure factor 
kilo-voltage = penetrating power
43
Q

What is kVp?

A

Kilovolts-peak refers to peak potential applied to X-ray machine (NOT a direct measure of radiation)

44
Q

Radiation energy (in keV) is what portion of the potential applied to X-ray tube?

A

1/3

45
Q

The range of energies used for industrial radiography are what?

A

20 keV - 20+ MeV

46
Q

1 R = ? C/kg

A

1 R = 2.58 x 10^-4 c/kg

47
Q

The characteristic curve is also referred to as what?

A

D log E curve

48
Q

What is the characteristic curve?

A

Density plotted against logarithms of exposure

49
Q

When using an X-ray tube, intensity is dependant on what?

A

Tube current

50
Q

When using an X-ray tube, what is the current based on?

A

Flow of electrons from tube (cathode) filament.

51
Q

Describe the constant known as the Reciprocity Law or Bunsen-Roscoe Law?

A

Exposure = milliamperage x time

…the product of mA and time is a constant.

52
Q

What is the exposure factor?

A

The relationship between exposure and distance of radiation source to an object

53
Q

What type of relationship is the Inverse Square Law?

A

Exposure-distance relationship

RT L1 (10 decks)

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