1 - Importance of ATP (C1) Flashcards
How much energy is released per molecule of ATP hydrolysed?
30.6KJ
What is an example of a type of cell where lots of mitochondria would be found?
Muscle cell
What 2 structures found in prokaryotic cells are also found in mitochondria?
- Ribosomes
- Circular DNA
What is the difference between exergonic and endergonic reactions?
- Exergonic - release energy
- Endergonic - take in energy
What are useful features of ATP?
- Small, controllable release of energy
- An immediate source of energy
- Can be easily transported across mitochondrial membranes
- Inert (chemically inactive)
- Readily reformed by phosphorylation
What are the main uses of ATP?
- Active transport across membranes, such as to maintain cell ion balances, e.g:
- Mammals - Na+/K+ pump in neurones
- Plants - Mineral ions in root epidermis and endodermis
- Building complex molecules e.g. DNA, protein
- Movement
- Cell division
What is the definition of chemiosmosis?
The flow of protons down an electrochemical gradient, through ATP synthase, synthesising ATP from ADP + Pi
What is some evidence to support endosymbiosis?
Mitochondria, chloroplasts and bacteria have a common function of their inner membranes of creating a proton gradient
What happens to energy that is not incorporated into ATP in respiration at the ETC?
It’s lost as heat energy
