1 - General Knowledge

Question 1

Aspiration type?

driveshaft type?

how is it cooled?

Engine layout?

Fuel injection?

How many cylinders?

Answer 1

Normally Aspirated
- Not turbo/super charged

Direct Drive
-no belt, motor is directly spinning prop

air cooled

horizontally opposed
- flat engine, so cylinders on each side

fuel injected
- no primer!

four cylinder
- 2 on each side of engine horizontally opposed

Question 2

What is horsepower rating and engine speed?

Answer 2

HP: 180 rated BHP

engine speed: 2700 RPM

Question 3

What are the approved fuel grades (and their colours)?

Answer 3

100LL grade aviation fuel
-Blue

100 Grade aviation fuel
-Green

Question 4

What is the total fuel capacity?

Total usable fuel capacity?

Answer 4

56 US Gallons is total capacity

53 US Gallons is total usable

Question 5

After the first 50 hour oil break in period, what oil should be used?

Answer 5

MIL-L-22851 or SAE j1899 Aviation Grade Ashless Dispersant Oil

Question 6

What is the Sump and Total oil capacity?

Answer 6

Sump: 8 US Quarts
- depression in bottom of engine to use as a bit of a reserve

Total: 9 US Quarts

Question 7

What is the maximum Takeoff and landing weight for both categories (normal/utility)?

Answer 7

Both maximum takeoff and landing weight are the same at:

Normal: 2550 lbs
Utility: 2200 lbs

Question 8

What are the loading conditions to be in the utility category?

Answer 8

Rear seat and baggage compartment must be empty.

Question 9

Roughly, what are the standard airplane weights?

Empty weight:
Maximum useful load, Normal
Maximum useful load, Utility

Answer 9

the standard airplane weights:

Empty weight: 1663 lbs
Max useful load, Normal: 895 lbs
Max useful load, utility: 545

Question 10

What is KTAS?

Answer 10

Knots true airspeed, meaning it is the airspeed relative to undisturbed air - or KCAS corrected for altitude and temperature

Question 11

What is KCAS?

Answer 11

Knots calibrated airspeed, so that is indicated airspeed corrected for position and instrument error.

Question 12

When it KCAS equal to KTAS?

Answer 12

Well, KTAS is just KCAS corrected for deviance from standard of altitude and temperature. Therefore, KTAS will equal KCAS in standard atmosphere at sea level (15C & 29.92inHg)

Question 13

Define and state following V speeds:

Va:

Vfe:

Vno:

Vne:

Vs

Vso

Vx

Vy

Answer 13

Va:
- Maneuvering speed (max abrupt movements)

Vfe:
- Max flap extended speed

Vno:
- Max structural cruising speed (can only be exceeded with caution in smooth air)

Vne:
- Never exceed speed

Vs
-Stalling speed

Vso
- stalling speed in landing config at most forward centre of gravity

Vx
- Best Angle-of-Climb (highest alt in shortest distance)

Vy
-Best rate-of-climb (highest alt in shortest time)

Question 14

Difference between RPM and static RPM

Answer 14

Static RPM is engine speed attained during a full throttle engine runup when on the ground and stationary

Question 15

What is MAP (Manifold Absolute Pressure)?

Answer 15

Measured in inHG (same as altimeter), the the Manifold Absolute Pressure is the absolute pressure measured in the engine induction system

Question 16

What is the course datum?

Answer 16

The course datum is the compass reference combined with the course deviation to provide lateral autopilot control when tracking a nav signal

Question 17

What is the reference datum?

Answer 17

This an imaginary line slicing the plane vertically like a cucumber. It’s a point which all horizontal distances are measured from for balance purposes

Question 18

What is the station?

Answer 18

This is a location somewhere on the fuselage which serves as a reference to measure the distance from the reference datum

Question 19

What is an arm in W&B?

Answer 19

Arm is just the horizontal distance from an item’s centre of gravity and it’s reference datum

Question 20

What is the moment in W&B?

Answer 20

The moment of an item is just it’s weight x it’s arm.

Question 21

Obviously you can’t balance every item on a stick to find C.G. So how do you calculate it’s distance from the reference datum?

Answer 21

The centre of gravity’s distance from reference datum can be calculated by doing this:

total moment / total weight of plane

Question 22

Define what the standard empty weight is?

Basic empty weight?

Answer 22

Standard empty weight is plane with unusable fuel, full operating fluids, and full engine oil

Basic empty weight is standard empty weight plus any optional equipment

Question 23

Define useful load

Answer 23

useful load = ramp weight - basic empty weight

Question 24

What is MAC (Mean Aerodynamic Chord)?

Answer 24

Chord of an imaginary rectangular airfoil having the same pitching moments throughout the flight range as that of the actual wing.

So think of an imaginary box being drawn around the wing to perfectly fit it. The MAC is the line that goes right through the middle as if it was just a box wing.