1. Fuel molecules, high energy, creatine, thioester Flashcards
1. Oxidative degradation of fuel molecules. Biochemistry of high energy phosphate compounds. Structure, biochemical function. Metabolism of creatine. Structure, synthesis, biochemical function. Thioester bond.
Fuel molecules:
Sugar, CH, FA , all are potential energy
Energy is needed for:
Mechanical work (muscle contraction) Active transport, Synthesis of macromolecules
How do you release the energy?
When the fuel molecules with the high energy bond are oxidized by molecular oxygen to form CO2 and H2O, they lose free energy which can be use by the tissue cells.
How does fat (example) become energy?
Fat gets oxidized to fatty acids, then acetyl-coa, to citric acid cycle which produce NADH+H+, which can be used for the oxidative phosphorylation of ADP to ATP.
Explain ATP and its bonds:
ATP = adenine triphosphate, it can also be guanine, cytidine or uridine with the same components. (GTP,CTP,UTP) The phosphate groups are connected with high energy bonds, phospho anhydride linkage, these are made by condensation of two phosphate, loss of water. This is called a hydrolytic cleavage.
How is ATP produced?
By either oxidative phosphorylation (respiratory chain) or by substrate-level phosphorylation. (ADP–>ATP) in glycolysis or TCA.
Creatine’s importance ;
Important role in energy storage of muscle and brain. good for muscle growth. Creatinine which is the waste product can tell how well your kidneys are working.
Metabolism of creatine:
Enzyme: Creatine kinase
This high energy bond is used in muscles and nerves. (biochemical function)
Synthesis of creatine
Thioester bond:
high energy-bonds; SH-CoA Cleavage releases energy, it is essential for CoA
Reaction of thioester
CH3 - CO - SCoA + H2O = CH3COOH + SH-CoA R-COOH + SH -CoA = R-CO-SCoA + H2O SH-CoA (acetyl-CoA enters the TCA)
What happens to the CH3COOH ?
CH3COOH + H2O = 2CO2 + 8H (goes to NADH+H+ and FADH2, respiratory chain)
Overview synthesis of creatine
